Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Community Dynamics in a Traditional Society

过去10 000年的文化发展涉及人类生活方式的两个关键转变：第一批定居村庄的出现和以现代生活为特征的复杂社会的发展。帕特里克·多兰在国家科学基金会的支持下，在华盛顿州立大学科林·格里尔博士的指导下，将在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省海岸的史前狩猎采集村庄Dionisio Point遗址进行田野工作。这个村庄被占领的时候，这个地区的居民达到了农业社会以外罕见的社会复杂性水平，为粮食生产的出现导致社会复杂性的解释提供了重要的平衡。在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部沿海地区，2500到1000年前定居的浮板屋村庄的出现对应着社会地位、财富和最终更大的战争的日益划分的时期。对这一地区和周边地区的考古研究表明，大型多户家庭的出现和组织对这些文化发展的展开至关重要。然而，由于缺乏经验数据，一个村庄内家庭之间的社会和经济联系仍然不确定。村庄在社会和经济上是否具有凝聚力？他们是不是自上而下地围绕权贵家庭的需求组织起来的？或者，家庭之间是相对独立的，在地区舞台上追求自己的目标？这一时期的聚落很少以能够评估这些替代方案的方式进行采样，这项研究将填补这一知识空白。该项目将是在不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的一个村庄内系统地研究这些问题的第一个项目之一。这项研究的田野调查部分将在Dionisio Point遗址进行，这是一个1500至1300年前在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南沿海的加利亚诺岛上居住的多户萨利什海岸村庄。评估该村的家庭间经济关系结构将需要完善Dionisio Point村的职业历史，并确定家庭生产和消费的长期做法。利用从住户建筑中收集的挖掘材料和与现场五所房屋相关的垃圾堆积物，该项目将回收能够进行放射性碳测年的材料，以及对所消费的动物户的遗骸、所使用的工具和各自的储存能力进行比较。这项研究促进了美国和加拿大研究人员之间的合作，以及更多地认识到史前对公众的价值和当地原住民的文化遗产。该项目将有助于研究生在现场方法和实验室分析方面的专业发展。结果将通过专业出版物在学术界广泛传播，并通过讲座和通讯向公众发布。最终，该项目将促进学术考古学家继续与后代社区和加利亚诺岛居民社区接触，促进在保护该地区文化遗产方面加强合作。

Cultural developments of the last 10,000 years have involved two critical transitions in human lifeways: the emergence of the first settled villages and the development of complex societies which characterize modern life. Patrick Dolan, with the support of the National Science Foundation and under the guidance of Dr. Colin Grier at Washington State University, will conduct fieldwork at the Dionisio Point site a prehistoric hunter-gatherer village on the coast of British Columbia, Canada. This village was occupied at a time when the inhabitants of this region achieved levels of social complexity rarely witnessed outside of agricultural societies, providing an important counter-balance to explanations of social complexity as a consequence of the emergence of food production.In coastal southwestern British Columbia, Canada, the emergence of settled plankhouse villages between 2500 and 1000 years ago corresponds to a period of increasingly demarcated social status, wealth, and eventually greater warfare. Archaeological research in this and the surrounding region indicates that the emergence and organization of large multi-family households were critical in the unfolding of these cultural developments. However, due to a shortage of empirical data, the social and economic articulations between households within a village remain uncertain. Were villages cohesive collective socially and economically? Were they organized from the top-down around the demands of powerful households? Or were households relatively autonomous of one another, pursuing their own goals on a regional stage? Few settlements dating to this period have been sampled in a manner that permits the evaluation of these alternatives, and this research will fill this gap in knowledge.This project will be one of the first to systematically examine these questions within a single village in southwestern British Columbia. The fieldwork component of this research will be conducted at the Dionisio Point site, a multi-household, Coast Salish village occupied between 1500 and 1300 years ago on Galiano Island in coastal southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Evaluating the structure of inter-household economic relations in this village will require refining the occupational history for the village at Dionisio Point as well as characterizing long-term household production and consumption practices. Using excavated materials collected from household architecture and refuse deposits associated with each of the five houses at the site, this project will recover materials that will permit radiocarbon dating, as well as the comparison of the remains of the fauna households consumed, the tools they used, and their respective storage capacities. This research promotes collaboration between researchers in the USA and Canada, as well as a greater appreciation of the value of prehistory to the public and of the cultural heritage of local First Nations peoples. This project will contribute to the professional development of graduate students in both field methods and laboratory analyses. Results will be disseminated widely in academic circles through professional publications, and to the public through talks and newsletters. Ultimately, this project will promote continued engagement of academic archaeologists with descendent communities and the Galiano Island resident community, fostering improved collaboration in the preservation of the cultural heritage of this region.