Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Community Dynamics in a Traditional Society

过去一万年的文化发展涉及人类生活方式的两个关键转变：第一批定居村庄的出现和现代生活特征的复杂社会的发展。帕特里克·多兰在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，在华盛顿州立大学科林·格里尔博士的指导下，将在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省海岸的史前狩猎采集者村庄迪奥尼西奥点进行实地考察。这个村庄被占领的时候，该地区的居民达到了农业社会之外很少见到的社会复杂性水平，这为将社会复杂性解释为粮食生产出现的结果提供了重要的平衡。在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的沿海地区，2500年至1000年前浮游生物定居村的出现与一个社会地位、财富日益划分的时期相对应，最终导致了更大的战争。该地区及周边地区的考古研究表明，大型多户家庭的出现和组织对这些文化发展的展开至关重要。然而，由于缺乏经验数据，村庄内家庭之间的社会和经济联系仍然不确定。村庄在社会和经济上是否具有凝聚力？他们是围绕着有权势的家庭的要求自上而下组织起来的吗？还是家庭之间相对独立，在区域舞台上追求自己的目标？在这一时期，很少有定居点以一种允许评估这些选择的方式进行采样，而这项研究将填补这一知识空白。这个项目将是第一个在不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部的一个村庄系统地研究这些问题的项目之一。本研究的实地考察部分将在Dionisio Point遗址进行，这是一个多户居住的海岸萨利希人村庄，居住于1500至1300年前，位于加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部沿海的加利亚诺岛。评价该村家庭间经济关系的结构将需要完善迪奥尼西奥点村庄的职业历史，并描述长期家庭生产和消费习惯的特征。利用从住宅建筑中收集的挖掘材料和与现场五座房屋相关的垃圾沉积物，该项目将回收材料，用于放射性碳定年，以及对家庭消耗的动物遗骸，他们使用的工具和各自的存储容量进行比较。这项研究促进了美国和加拿大研究人员之间的合作，以及对史前史对公众和当地第一民族文化遗产的更大价值的认识。这个项目将有助于研究生在现场方法和实验室分析方面的专业发展。研究结果将通过专业出版物在学术界广泛传播，并通过讲座和通讯向公众传播。最终，该项目将促进学术考古学家与后代社区和加利亚诺岛居民社区的持续接触，促进在保护该地区文化遗产方面的更好合作。

Cultural developments of the last 10,000 years have involved two critical transitions in human lifeways: the emergence of the first settled villages and the development of complex societies which characterize modern life. Patrick Dolan, with the support of the National Science Foundation and under the guidance of Dr. Colin Grier at Washington State University, will conduct fieldwork at the Dionisio Point site a prehistoric hunter-gatherer village on the coast of British Columbia, Canada. This village was occupied at a time when the inhabitants of this region achieved levels of social complexity rarely witnessed outside of agricultural societies, providing an important counter-balance to explanations of social complexity as a consequence of the emergence of food production.In coastal southwestern British Columbia, Canada, the emergence of settled plankhouse villages between 2500 and 1000 years ago corresponds to a period of increasingly demarcated social status, wealth, and eventually greater warfare. Archaeological research in this and the surrounding region indicates that the emergence and organization of large multi-family households were critical in the unfolding of these cultural developments. However, due to a shortage of empirical data, the social and economic articulations between households within a village remain uncertain. Were villages cohesive collective socially and economically? Were they organized from the top-down around the demands of powerful households? Or were households relatively autonomous of one another, pursuing their own goals on a regional stage? Few settlements dating to this period have been sampled in a manner that permits the evaluation of these alternatives, and this research will fill this gap in knowledge.This project will be one of the first to systematically examine these questions within a single village in southwestern British Columbia. The fieldwork component of this research will be conducted at the Dionisio Point site, a multi-household, Coast Salish village occupied between 1500 and 1300 years ago on Galiano Island in coastal southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Evaluating the structure of inter-household economic relations in this village will require refining the occupational history for the village at Dionisio Point as well as characterizing long-term household production and consumption practices. Using excavated materials collected from household architecture and refuse deposits associated with each of the five houses at the site, this project will recover materials that will permit radiocarbon dating, as well as the comparison of the remains of the fauna households consumed, the tools they used, and their respective storage capacities. This research promotes collaboration between researchers in the USA and Canada, as well as a greater appreciation of the value of prehistory to the public and of the cultural heritage of local First Nations peoples. This project will contribute to the professional development of graduate students in both field methods and laboratory analyses. Results will be disseminated widely in academic circles through professional publications, and to the public through talks and newsletters. Ultimately, this project will promote continued engagement of academic archaeologists with descendent communities and the Galiano Island resident community, fostering improved collaboration in the preservation of the cultural heritage of this region.