Deep Convection in the Tropics

热带地区的深层对流

• 批准号: 1342001
• 负责人: David Raymond
• 金额: $ 59.72万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-11-01 至 2016-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1342001&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Deep; Convection; Tropics

This award aims to increase the understanding of the interaction of deep convection over tropical oceans with weather disturbances such as tropical depressions, easterly waves, various convectively coupled equatorial wave modes, and the Madden-Julian oscillation. This is a particularly good time to undertake such a project for two reasons:1) Recent field programs, including two on tropical cyclogenesis (TPARC/TCS08 and PREDICT and one studying the Madden-Julian oscillation (DYNAMO), have provided a wealth of new, quantitative data on tropical deep convection. These observations (especially those on tropical cyclone formation) provide detailed measurements of convective mass fluxes as well as the thermodynamic and wind environments in which the convection is embedded.2) The use of the weak temperature gradient (WTG) approximation to provide lateral boundary conditions for cloud-resolving models of convection has developed to the point where the resulting calculations provide useful comparisons with observation. Preliminary results show that the model exhibits significant skill in replicating vertical mass flux profiles of observed convection, given the thermodynamic environment surrounding the convection. Work remains to be done on the comparison of mass fluxes observed in various pre-cyclone cases with WTG computations. Momentum fluxes in shear will also be explored. In addition, the PIs are just beginning our comparisons with results from large-scale tropical experiments such as DYNAMO. In addition to DYNAMO, there exists a large set of earlier observations begging to be explored.In the proposal outlines two ways that the WTG technique can be improved. One involves adding more realistic thermodynamics to the cloud-resolving model while the other consists of improving WTG?s transient behavior. These improvements are designed to result in greater fidelity in the representation of tropical convection in the model.This award has the potential to improve parameterization of convection in global models. Inadequate representation of convection in global atmospheric models is one of the main obstacles preventing progress in the forecast of tropical weather. Better weather forecasts in the tropics feed back on weather predictions over the continental United States. Climate models also suffer from this problem. Continuation of a collaboration with the University of Split, Croatia serves the goal of increased the scientific interchange between the two countries. New Mexico Tech is an hispanic-serving institution.

该奖项旨在增进对热带海洋深对流与热带低气压、东风波、各种对流耦合赤道波模式和马登-朱利安振荡等天气扰动的相互作用的了解。这是一个特别好的时间来进行这样一个项目，原因有两个：1）最近的现场计划，包括两个热带气旋生成（TPARC/TCS 08和PREDICT）和一个研究马登-朱利安振荡（Madden-Julian oscillation，CAMO），提供了大量新的热带深对流定量数据。这些观测（特别是热带气旋形成的观测）提供了对流质量通量以及对流所处的热力学和风环境的详细测量结果。2）使用弱温度梯度（WTG）近似为对流的云分辨模式提供侧边界条件已经发展到这样一个程度，即所得到的计算结果提供了与观测结果的有用比较。初步结果表明，该模型表现出显着的技能复制观测到的对流的垂直质量通量剖面，给定的对流周围的热力学环境。在各种旋风前情况下观察到的质量通量与WTG计算的比较方面，仍有工作要做。还将探讨剪切中的动量通量。此外，PI刚刚开始将我们的结果与大规模热带实验（如CAMO）的结果进行比较。除了WTG，还有大量早期的观测结果有待探索。在该提案中，概述了两种改进WTG技术的方法。一个涉及到添加更现实的热力学云解析模型，而其他包括改进WTG？的瞬态行为。这些改进的目的是使模式中热带对流的表示更加逼真，该奖项有可能改进全球模式中对流的参数化。 全球大气模式中对流的代表性不足是阻碍热带天气预报取得进展的主要障碍之一。热带地区更好的天气预报反馈了美国大陆的天气预报。气候模型也受到这个问题的困扰。继续与克罗地亚斯普利特大学合作，旨在增加两国之间的科学交流。新墨西哥州理工学院是一所为西班牙裔学生服务的机构。