AIR Option 1: Technology Translation: Enabling High Efficiency & Clean Combustion through the Integration of Low Heat Rejection Concepts with Advanced Low Temperature Comb Eng

这个PFI: AIR技术翻译项目的重点是将低排热（LHR）和低温燃烧（LTC）的协同组合进行翻译，以填补现有商用内燃机与清洁高效的先进内燃机之间的技术差距。转换后的LHR/LTC技术具有以下独特的特点：与传统或普通低温内燃机相比，低温内燃机的低热量排出更有利于热力学。这提供了示范性的效率，发动机排出的氮氧化物和固定碳排放，以及合适的排气温度，与领先的竞争内燃机相比，有利于排气排放控制系统的运行。该项目通过在压缩点火发动机中通过实验和计算实现LHR概念，从而在轻型汽车柴油发动机中实现了LHR/LTC燃烧模式的原型，从而实现了其目标。通用汽车（General Motors）也参与了这项合作。通用汽车负责设计和制造轻型汽车发动机的原型。通用汽车在全球汽车市场领域提供指导，如运营限制、成本限制以及与可销售产品的技术集成，以便将LHR/LTC燃烧转化为可能导致竞争的商业现实。在未来10年，潜在的经济影响预计将接近4000万美元（基于美国新柴油车注册量，每加仑燃料成本为4.00美元，平均每年节省燃料成本256美元），这将有助于美国在这一汽车市场领域的竞争力。长期的社会影响将是改善车辆燃油经济性，减少标准污染物（如氮氧化物）的排放，从而减少车辆的碳足迹。此外，这一努力将增加调查人员。努力增加STEM学科的女性和代表性不足的学生，并通过利用暑期STEM夏令营和课程重新设计活动的资源改善本科生的热力学课程教学。最后，将传播学术文章和会议报告，以确保科学和技术途径的发现为人所知。

This PFI: AIR Technology Translation project focuses on translating the synergistic combination of low heat rejection (LHR) and low temperature combustion (LTC) to fill the technological gap between existing commercially available internal combustion engines and the clean high-efficiency advanced combustion engine. The translated LHR/LTC technology has the following unique feature: low heat rejection from a low temperature combustion engine that results in more favorable thermodynamics compared to either conventional or ordinary low temperature combustion engines. This provides exemplary efficiency, engine-out exhaust emissions of nitrogen oxides and fixed carbon, and suitable exhaust temperatures for favorable operation of exhaust emission control systems when compared to the leading competing internal combustion engine. The project accomplishes its objectives by performing a proof-of-concept that experimentally and computationally realizes LHR concepts with LTC in a compression ignition engine resulting in a prototype LHR/LTC combustion mode operating in a light-duty automotive diesel engine. The partnership engages General Motors, which engineers and manufacturers the prototype-intended light-duty automotive engine. GM provides guidance in the global automotive market space such as operating constraints, cost limitations, and technology integration with a marketable product in order to translate LHR/LTC combustion along a path that may result in a competitive commercial reality. The potential economic impact is expected to be nearly $40million in the next 10 years (based on new diesel vehicle registrations in the United States demonstrating on average $256/year in fuel cost savings at $4.00/gallon fuel cost), which will contribute to the U.S. competitiveness in this automotive market space. The societal impact, long term, will be improved vehicle fuel economy with reduced emission of criteria pollutants (e.g., nitrogen oxides), thereby reducing vehicle carbon footprint. Additionally, this effort will augment the investigators? efforts to increase female and underrepresented students in STEM disciplines and improve undergraduate student course instruction in thermodynamics by leveraging resources used for summer STEM camps and course redesign activities. Finally, scholarly articles and conference presentations will be disseminated to ensure scientific and technological pathway discoveries are made known.