SBIR Phase I: Dynamic Infared Filter of Vanadium Oxide Window Films for Improved Energy Efficiency

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的重点是刺激响应二元和三元钒氧化物的金属-绝缘体转变的商业化。在掺入取代和/或间隙掺杂剂离子时转变的显著可调谐性已经填补了它们在用于开窗（窗、门和天窗）和汽车玻璃的热可切换层压体中作为动态红外滤光器的部署的关键技术空白。结构中的大部分太阳能热增益发生在红外能量（热）通过绝缘性差的玻璃单元的传输中。刺激响应窗户层压板具有几个独特的特征，以改善中空玻璃单元，包括：可热切换的阻热到传热金属-绝缘体相变（或反之亦然）而不显著改变可见光透射率，调节转变温度以满足不同气候区域的需要，以及将纳米材料掺入用于高端卷对卷可翻新窗户层压材料的柔性聚合物基质中。这种独特的功能组合使我们的刺激响应窗口层压板，以减轻空调成本在温暖的月份，同时允许太阳？在较冷的月份，利用天然太阳能来温暖室内空间，而不会对可见光的透明度产生不利影响。该项目更广泛的影响/商业潜力在于使用可切换窗户层压板来解决能源效率低下和过时建筑的关键需求，其中超过85%的建筑物将在20年内存在。这代表了美国34亿美元规模的相对未充分利用的服务市场。最近对能源效率的关注主要与新建筑和深度翻新有关;然而，过时建筑的能源效率极低，需要一个简单的低-我们的刺激响应层压板满足了这一需求，并将为美国减少能源消耗和二氧化碳排放做出贡献。美国在绿色建筑材料和能源效率方面的竞争力。 长期的社会影响将是更节能的建筑物，减少碳足迹，特别是在现有建筑物中。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 project focuses on commercialization of stimuli responsive metal-insulator transitions in binary and ternary vanadium oxides. The remarkable tunability of the transition upon incorporation of substitutional and/or interstitial dopant ions has filled a key technological gap for their deployment as a dynamic infrared filter in thermally switchable laminates for fenestration (windows, doors, and skylights) and automobile glass. Much of the solar heat gain in structures occurs from the transmission of infrared energy (heat) through poorly insulating glass units. The stimuli responsive window laminates have several unique features to improve insulating glass units including: thermally switchable heat-blocking to heat-transmitting metal-insulator phase changes (or vice versa) without a substantial change in visible transmittance, adjustment of the transition temperature to meet the needs of different climatic regions, and incorporation of the nanomaterials into a flexible polymer matrix for high-end roll-to-roll retrofittable window laminates. The combination of this unique feature set enables our stimuli responsive window laminates to mitigate air-conditioning costs during warmer months while allowing the sun?s natural solar energy to warm interior spaces during cooler months without adversely affecting visible transparency. The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is in using switchable window laminates to address critical needs in energy inefficient and outdated buildings, where more than 85% of buildings that exist today will exist in 20 years. This represents a relatively underutilized served market of size of $3.4 billion in the U.S. Much of the recent focus on energy efficiency relates to new buildings and deep renovations; yet the overwhelmingly poor energy efficiency of outdated buildings necessitates a facile low-cost retrofittable solution to reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S. Our stimuli responsive laminates address this need and will contribute to U.S. competitiveness in green building materials and energy efficiency. The long term society impact will be more energy efficient buildings with a reduced carbon footprint, particularly in existing buildings.