CAREER: Aggregation, estimation and control of distributed energy resources

不断增长的可再生能源发电容量正在导致电力系统运营中前所未有的可变性和不确定性，并要求通过平衡容量，市场产品和运营程序来实现更大的灵活性。这项工作旨在开发一个全面的框架和支持理论，通过开发下一代电力负荷和存储的建模和控制策略来提高电力系统的灵活性。 主要的预期创新是（1）在前所未有的空间和时间尺度上描述可再生能源发电和电力需求的新类型模型，（2）在数学上汇总电力负荷和储存的新工具，（3）用于装载和存储的控制公式，其可以真实的时间执行并且用于计划目的，以及（4）定价机制，承认可控负荷和存储的独特能力，并支持与传统发电机公平的支付。这项工作的目的还在于扩大对工具的认识，通过让高中，通过基于问题的学习和跨学科课程，为职业和大学学生提供培训。 外联工作将通过指导和向学生介绍新兴能源系统概念，直接解决少数民族和妇女在科学和工程领域代表性不足的问题。拟议研究的主要预期成果是（1）减少输电容量需求，（2）消除建立可调度发电容量以管理可再生能源的可变性和不确定性的需求，以及（3）通过减少燃烧发电在部分负荷下运行以提供储备的需求来提高供应方的效率。

Growing renewable generation capacity is leading to unprecedented variability and uncertainty in power system operations, and calls for more flexibility through balancing capacity, market products, and operating procedures. This effort seeks to develop a comprehensive framework and supporting theory to increase power system flexibility by developing the next generation of modeling and control strategies for electricity loads and storage. The major anticipated innovations are (1) new classes of models to characterize renewable generation and electricity demand at unprecedented spatial and temporal scales, (2) new tools to mathematically aggregate electricity loads and storage, (3) control formulations for load and storage that can be executed in real time and used for planning purposes and (4) pricing mechanisms that recognize the unique capabilities of controllable loads and storage and support payments that are equitable with conventional generators.The effort also aims to broaden awareness of tools to transform power system operations by engaging high school, vocational and university students via problem based learning and interdisciplinary curricula. The outreach efforts will directly address underrepresentation of ethnic groups and women in science and engineering via mentoring and introducing students to emerging energy systems concepts. The major intended outcomes of the proposed research are (1) to reduce transmission capacity needs, (2) to eliminate the need to build dispatchable generation capacity to manage variability and uncertainty from renewable sources and (3) to improve the efficiency of the supply side by reducing the need for combustion-based generation to operate at part load to provide reserves.