CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Coordinated Resource Management of Cyber-Physical-Social Power Systems

大规模的关键基础设施系统，包括能源和交通网络，由数百万个单独的元素（人、软件和硬件）组成，这些元素的行动可能孤立地无关紧要，但总体上却非常重要。这个项目的重点是通过无处不在的传感、通信、计算和控制来协调这些元素，重点是电网。该项目将经济学和行为科学的思想整合到控制理论和电力系统的框架中。我们的中心构念是？资源集群,?分布式资源的集合（例如：太阳能光伏发电、储能、可延迟负荷），在面对不确定性（例如：光伏发电输出、消费者行为）时，这些资源可以被协调以高效、可靠地提供服务（例如：电力输送）。三个主题领域构成了项目的核心：(a) ？集群管理器?描述资源集群能力的概念和补充工具；(b)基于随机最优控制理论创新的跨时间尺度集中资源协调策略；(3)建立在非合作动态博弈论基础上的基于集群管理者激励的分散协调策略。这些创新将通过网络-物理-社会方法来解决复杂基础设施中的资源分配问题，从而改善基础设施系统的运行。通过将人类的角色从被动的资源接受者转变为电力系统的积极参与者，该项目将促进国家的能源安全和减缓气候变化。该项目还将通过实验室参观和讲座吸引K-12学生；通过网络系统工程和物理电力系统交叉的课程创新，满足本科生对电力系统培训的需求；为研究生提供电力系统、通信、控制、优化和经济学等多学科的培训，使他们成为创新的领导者。

Large-scale critical infrastructure systems, including energy and transportation networks, comprise millions of individual elements (human, software and hardware) whose actions may be inconsequential in isolation but profoundly important in aggregate. The focus of this project is on the coordination of these elements via ubiquitous sensing, communications, computation, and control, with an emphasis on the electric grid. The project integrates ideas from economics and behavioral science into frameworks grounded in control theory and power systems. Our central construct is that of a ?resource cluster,? a collection of distributed resources (ex: solar PV, storage, deferrable loads) that can be coordinated to efficiently and reliably offer services (ex: power delivery) in the face of uncertainty (ex: PV output, consumer behavior). Three topic areas form the core of the project: (a) the theoretical foundations for the ?cluster manager? concept and complementary tools to characterize the capabilities of a resource cluster; (b) centralized resource coordination strategies that span multiple time scales via innovations in stochastic optimal control theory; and (c) decentralized coordination strategies based on cluster manager incentives and built upon foundations of non-cooperative dynamic game theory.These innovations will improve the operation of infrastructure systems via a cyber-physical-social approach to the problem of resource allocation in complex infrastructures. By transforming the role of humans from passive resource recipients to active participants in the electric power system, the project will facilitate energy security for the nation, and climate change mitigation. The project will also engage K-12 students through lab-visits and lectures; address the undergraduate demand for power systems training through curricular innovations at the intersection of cyber-systems engineering and physical power systems; and equip graduate students with the multi-disciplinary training in power systems, communications, control, optimization and economics to become leaders in innovation.