CPS: Synergy: Collaborative Research: Coordinated Resource Management of Cyber-Physical-Social Power Systems

大型关键基础设施系统，包括能源和交通网络，由数以百万计的单独要素(人、软件和硬件)组成，这些要素的单独行动可能无关紧要，但从总体上来说却极其重要。该项目的重点是通过无处不在的传感、通信、计算和控制来协调这些元素，重点是电网。该项目将经济学和行为科学的思想整合到以控制理论和电力系统为基础的框架中。我们的中心结构是资源集群。分布式资源(例如：太阳能光伏、存储、可推迟负载)的集合，可以在面对不确定性(例如：光伏输出、消费者行为)时进行协调，以高效可靠地提供服务(例如：电力输送)。三个专题领域构成了该项目的核心：(A)集群管理者的理论基础？这些创新包括：(A)通过随机最优控制理论的创新而形成的跨越多个时间尺度的集中式资源协调策略；(C)基于集群管理者激励和建立在非合作动态博弈论基础上的分散协调策略。这些创新将通过网络-物理-社会方法来改善基础设施系统的运行，以解决复杂基础设施中的资源分配问题。通过将人类在电力系统中的作用从被动的资源接受者转变为积极的参与者，该项目将促进国家的能源安全，并缓解气候变化。该项目还将通过实验室访问和讲座吸引K-12学生；通过网络系统工程和物理电力系统交叉点的课程创新满足本科生对电力系统培训的需求；并为研究生提供电力系统、通信、控制、优化和经济学方面的多学科培训，以成为创新领导者。

Large-scale critical infrastructure systems, including energy and transportation networks, comprise millions of individual elements (human, software and hardware) whose actions may be inconsequential in isolation but profoundly important in aggregate. The focus of this project is on the coordination of these elements via ubiquitous sensing, communications, computation, and control, with an emphasis on the electric grid. The project integrates ideas from economics and behavioral science into frameworks grounded in control theory and power systems. Our central construct is that of a ?resource cluster,? a collection of distributed resources (ex: solar PV, storage, deferrable loads) that can be coordinated to efficiently and reliably offer services (ex: power delivery) in the face of uncertainty (ex: PV output, consumer behavior). Three topic areas form the core of the project: (a) the theoretical foundations for the ?cluster manager? concept and complementary tools to characterize the capabilities of a resource cluster; (b) centralized resource coordination strategies that span multiple time scales via innovations in stochastic optimal control theory; and (c) decentralized coordination strategies based on cluster manager incentives and built upon foundations of non-cooperative dynamic game theory.These innovations will improve the operation of infrastructure systems via a cyber-physical-social approach to the problem of resource allocation in complex infrastructures. By transforming the role of humans from passive resource recipients to active participants in the electric power system, the project will facilitate energy security for the nation, and climate change mitigation. The project will also engage K-12 students through lab-visits and lectures; address the undergraduate demand for power systems training through curricular innovations at the intersection of cyber-systems engineering and physical power systems; and equip graduate students with the multi-disciplinary training in power systems, communications, control, optimization and economics to become leaders in innovation.