A mechanistic framework for bottom-up biodiversity effects: riparian forest invasion impacts on headwater stream microbial and macroinvertebrate communities

自下而上的生物多样性影响的机制框架：河岸森林入侵对源头河流微生物和大型无脊椎动物群落的影响

• 批准号: 1352995
• 负责人: Ryan McEwan
• 金额: $ 52.7万
• 依托单位: University of Dayton
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-15 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1352995&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: mechanistic; framework; bottom; up; biodiversity

Freshwater streams are a critical natural resource and are ecologically linked to the surrounding landscape. Due to their nature, streamside forests are highly vulnerable to invasion by plant species which aggressively displace other species. This project will test the hypothesis that the ecology of aquatic microbial and macroinvertebrate stream communities are regulated by bottom-up processes altered through terrestrial plant invasion along headwater streams. The investigators will use the invasion of headwater stream forests by the exotic shrub Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) to assess alteration of materials that enter the stream, and how those alterations change the in-stream habitat. The project will further assess how invasion influences stream microbial biofilm (bacteria and fungi) and macroinvertebrate communities. Field assessments along a gradient of L. maackii density will be complemented by field manipulation experiments to test mechanisms. Overall, the project tests the broad hypothesis that the loss of biodiversity in streamside forests due to invasion is mirrored by a loss of biodiversity in the aquatic community. The foundation for the proposed work includes an extensive suite of published studies and preliminary data. This project will directly benefit traditionally underrepresented groups in science by creating paid internship opportunities for urban students from a charter school that serves poverty-stricken parts of urban Dayton. This project will directly inform management of aquatic habitats and riparian zones throughout the region by involving managers from a variety of park systems. The findings could influence management on thousands of miles of headwater streams in North America. This funding will facilitate scientific training of undergraduate students through paid internships, support a PhD student, and provide an excellent training platform for a postdoctoral researcher.

淡水溪流是一种重要的自然资源，在生态上与周围景观联系在一起。由于它们的性质，河边森林非常容易受到植物物种的入侵，这些植物物种积极地取代其他物种。 这个项目将测试的假设，水生微生物和大型无脊椎动物的生态流社区的调节由自下而上的过程改变了通过陆地植物入侵沿着源头溪流。研究人员将利用外来灌木阿穆尔忍冬（Amur monolith）对源头溪流森林的入侵来评估进入溪流的物质的改变，以及这些改变如何改变溪流中的栖息地。该项目将进一步评估入侵如何影响溪流微生物生物膜（细菌和真菌）和大型无脊椎动物群落。沿L梯度沿着进行现场评估。maackii密度将辅之以实地操作实验，以测试机制。总的来说，该项目测试了广泛的假设，即由于入侵导致的河边森林生物多样性的丧失反映在水生生物群落的生物多样性的丧失上。拟议工作的基础包括一套广泛的已发表研究和初步数据。该项目将直接惠及传统上代表性不足的科学群体，为来自为代顿城市贫困地区服务的特许学校的城市学生创造带薪实习机会。该项目将直接为整个区域的水生生境和河岸带的管理提供信息，让各种公园系统的管理人员参与进来。这些发现可能会影响北美数千英里源头河流的管理。这笔资金将通过带薪实习促进本科生的科学培训，支持博士生，并为博士后研究人员提供一个良好的培训平台。