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Virus trafficking in insect midgut cells

昆虫中肠细胞中的病毒贩运

基本信息

批准号：
1354421
负责人：
Gary Blissard
金额：
$ 48.61万
依托单位：
Boyce Thompson Institute Plant Research
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-04-15 至 2018-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354421&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Virus trafficking insect midgut cells

项目摘要

Arthropods represent the largest animal biomass on earth, including an enormous number of species that cause serious agricultural losses. Arthropods also vector important diseases of plants and animals. Arthropod populations are regulated by many viral diseases. In most interactions between insects and viruses, the virus enters the insect by the oral route and must move across the cells of the gut in order to access the blood and other tissues. Although critical in the virus-insect interaction, little is known about the mechanisms mediating viral trafficking through insect midgut cells. In this project, the investigators will examine the mechanisms of polarized viral transit through the epithelial cells of the insect midgut. This project aims to identify and characterize insect midgut proteins that mediate this process, and the viral protein signals that direct the process. The project will use an innovative experimental design that leverages the power of a Drosophila genetic system, combined with mutagenesis and analysis of model virus envelope proteins, baculovirus GP64 and VSV G. An understanding of the viral signals and the interacting midgut cell proteins and pathways that regulate or restrict virus trafficking through midgut cells can be used to both enhance infection by beneficial viruses (such as those used for biocontrol of insects), and to inhibit viral transmission in insect vectors of plant and animal diseases. Thus, the project should have impacts across a wide variety of virus-insect interactions and with applications in diverse areas such as agricultural crop protection, forestry, and animal and human health. The project includes active participation of a postdoctoral trainee and undergraduate students, and will also engage the public through open-house presentations to local elementary school children, and through presentations to high school teachers and their students.

节肢动物是地球上最大的动物生物量，其中包括大量造成严重农业损失的物种。节肢动物也是植物和动物的重要疾病传播媒介。节肢动物种群受到许多病毒性疾病的调节。在昆虫和病毒之间的大多数相互作用中，病毒通过口腔途径进入昆虫，并且必须穿过肠道细胞才能进入血液和其他组织。尽管在病毒与昆虫相互作用中至关重要，但人们对通过昆虫中肠细胞介导病毒运输的机制知之甚少。在这个项目中，研究人员将研究极化病毒通过昆虫中肠上皮细胞转运的机制。该项目旨在识别和表征介导这一过程的昆虫中肠蛋白，以及指导该过程的病毒蛋白信号。该项目将采用创新的实验设计，利用果蝇遗传系统的力量，结合模型病毒包膜蛋白、杆状病毒 GP64 和 VSV G 的诱变和分析。了解病毒信号和相互作用的中肠细胞蛋白以及调节或限制病毒通过中肠细胞运输的途径，可用于增强有益病毒（例如用于昆虫生物防治的药物），并抑制植物和动物疾病昆虫媒介中的病毒传播。因此，该项目应该对各种病毒-昆虫相互作用产生影响，并在农业作物保护、林业、动物和人类健康等不同领域得到应用。该项目包括博士后实习生和本科生的积极参与，还将通过向当地小学生进行开放式演示以及向高中教师及其学生进行演示来吸引公众。