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RUI Sound localization in free swimming fish: multimodal sensory integration

RUI 自由游动的鱼的声音定位：多模态感觉整合

基本信息

批准号：
1354745
负责人：
Allen Mensinger
金额：
$ 34万
依托单位：
University of Minnesota Duluth
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-15 至 2020-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1354745&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Sound localization free swimming

项目摘要

The main goal for this investigation is determine how vertebrate sensory systems are integrated to perform complex behavioral tasks. It will address how multimodal (auditory, vestibular and mechanosensory) sensory input is processed. The experiments will be performed in the oyster toadfish which possess the identical sensory cells (hair cells) and vestibular system found in mammals, assuring the results will have wide interest to vertebrate sensory physiologists. The investigator will use a neural telemetry transmitter tag, to record nerve impulses from free swimming fish which will transform the experiments from the bench top into the environment and allow the correlation of neural activity with normal behavior in a natural setting. The study will address two long standing questions in neuroethology: how fish localize sound underwater, and the effect of self generated movement on bimodal sensory (auditory and vestibular or mechanosensory) organs. The award will support training of undergraduate students from underrepresented groups at a research undergraduate institution and a middle school science teacher.The experiments will delineate multi-modal sensory guidance of a complex behavioral sequence to further our knowledge of the neural mechanisms of sensory integration. Sound localization for fish plays important roles in prey detection, predator avoidance, and intraspecific communication. Although terrestrial animals use interaural time delays to localize sound, the faster speed of sound underwater, combined with very short interaural distances suggests that fish must utilize alternative mechanisms. The role of the mechanosensory lateral line in detecting water movement has been established, however, recent evidence suggest that it may serve an auditory role. The widely spaced neuromasts are distributed throughout the head and trunk in different orientations and could potentially assist in nearfield sound detection and localization. The researchers will investigate acoustic sensitivity in the lateral line in the toadfish to determine if it contributes to sound localization. Toadfish are reliable neuroethological models for bioacoustic studies as males will acoustically attract females to nesting sites. The broad head of the oyster toadfish contains widely spaced and easily accessible neuromasts and cranial nerves. The neural telemetry tag will allow examination of multimodal sensory integration by simultaneously recording from both the lateral line and otoliths during sound localization experiments in free swimming fish. Phonotaxis experiments will determine if superficial and/or canal neuromasts are necessary for sound localization. The study will provide clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms regulating behavior and provide training to underrepresented undergraduate students and K-12 teachers.

这项研究的主要目标是确定脊椎动物的感觉系统是如何整合来执行复杂的行为任务的。它将解决如何多模态（听觉，前庭和mechanosensory）的感觉输入处理。这些实验将在牡蛎蟾鱼中进行，牡蛎蟾鱼具有与哺乳动物相同的感觉细胞（毛细胞）和前庭系统，确保结果将引起脊椎动物感觉生理学家的广泛兴趣。研究人员将使用神经遥测发射器标签，记录自由游动的鱼的神经脉冲，这将把实验从实验台顶部转换到环境中，并允许神经活动与自然环境中的正常行为相关联。这项研究将解决神经行为学中两个长期存在的问题：鱼类如何在水下定位声音，以及自我产生的运动对双峰感觉（听觉和前庭或机械感觉）器官的影响。该奖项将支持来自研究型本科院校的代表性不足群体的本科生和中学科学教师的培训。实验将描绘复杂行为序列的多模态感觉指导，以进一步了解感觉整合的神经机制。鱼类的声音定位在猎物探测、捕食者回避和种内交流等方面起着重要的作用。虽然陆生动物使用耳间时间延迟来定位声音，但水下声音的速度更快，加上耳间距离非常短，这表明鱼类必须利用替代机制。机械感觉侧线在检测水运动中的作用已经确立，然而，最近的证据表明，它可能起着听觉作用。广泛分布的神经乳突分布在整个头部和躯干在不同的方向，并可能有助于近场声音检测和定位。研究人员将调查蟾鱼侧线的声学敏感性，以确定它是否有助于声音定位。蟾鱼是可靠的神经行为学模型的生物声学研究，男性将声学吸引女性筑巢地点。牡蛎蟾鱼的宽头包含广泛分布和容易接近的神经乳突和颅神经。神经遥测标签将允许检查多模式的感觉整合，同时记录从侧线和耳石在自由游动的鱼的声音定位实验。趋声性实验将确定是否需要浅表和/或管道神经瘤的声音定位。这项研究将提供更清楚的了解神经机制调节行为，并提供培训，以代表性不足的本科生和K-12教师。