Building technologies

主动式空调(A/C)-通常在需要降低热应激风险时使用，因为这些系统会对危险产生影响，即对室内气候产生影响。这些空调系统及其性能复杂地依赖于室内和室外条件。此外，这些技术手段的使用意味着对能源(热或/功)和水的需求，对当地和全球的室外气候产生了负面影响。提供可持续的低能耗空调的必要性要求限制常规系统的使用。在现代建筑中使用被动冷却和通风技术的另一种选择会产生室内气候的风险，这种气候不适合高度脆弱的人。由低温热量驱动的有源空调系统是一种很有前途的第三种方式，因为可以利用可持续的资源(例如太阳能或余热)。热驱动空调系统的概念有很多，但还没有全面的理解和设计方法。因此，该提案的重点是制定普遍适用的分析方法，这些方法被认为能够促进全面理解，并允许进行公平的系统比较，并能够很容易地向UCAHS的其他研究单元提供反馈。随之而来的数值模拟用于详细验证半解析特征函数，该函数将被开发来描述有效性和效率对热应激风险以及对功、热和水的需求的敏感性。

Active air-conditioning (A/C)-systems typically are employed whenever the heat-stress risk needs to be decreased, as these impact on the hazard, namely on the indoor climate. These A/C-systems and their performance are dependent both on indoor and outdoor conditions in a complex way. Moreover, the use of these technical means implies demand of energy (heat or/and work) and water, feeding back in a negative way on the outdoor climate, both locally and globally. The necessity to provide sustainable low-energy A/C calls for a restrictive use of conventional systems. The alternative option of using passive cooling and ventilation techniques in modern buildings generates the risk of an indoor-climate that is not suitable for highly vulnerable persons. Active A/C-systems driven by lowtemperature heat are a promising third way as sustainable resources (e.g. solar or waste heat) can be employed. There exists a multitude of concepts of thermally driven A/C-system but no overarching understanding and design methodology. Therefore, the proposal is focused on the development of universally applicable analytical methodologies, which are considered to foster a comprehensive understanding and allow for a fair systems’ comparison, with the ability of an easy feedback into the other research modules of UCAHS. Accompanying numerical simulations are used for a detailed validation of semi-analytical characteristic functions, which will be developed to describe the sensitivity of effectiveness and efficiency with regard to heat-stress risks and demand of work, heat, and water.