Doctoral Dissertation Research: Socioeconomic Variance in Labor and Family Responses to Globalization

在西北大学Micaela di列奥纳多博士的监督下，Dario Valles将探讨美国工人和家庭如何适应全球化的压力，以及这些反应如何在一系列社会经济类别中有所不同。全球服务业的爆炸式增长，加上妇女劳动力参与率的提高，导致了全球“护理赤字”。“这导致了家庭的重组和新的劳动力市场的建立。本研究探讨了为什么以及如何在全球城市的移民家庭儿童保育工作者提供分包照顾工作的父母的幼儿。家庭儿童保育（FCC）已被选为调查点，因为它已成为美国增长最快的职业之一，估计有230万工人，还有更多的人从事非正式工作。研究人员的重点是在低工资服务工作中为妇女和家庭提供服务的儿童保育提供者，这是一个重要的样本人群，因为以前的科学研究往往侧重于中上阶层和富裕家庭。研究人员将进行为期12个月的人种学研究，使用参与者观察，访谈，生活史，材料和话语分析，以及档案和统计数据收集。对家庭儿童保育的民族志研究对日常家庭实践与社会和政治经济等级制度、情感关怀和劳动实践以及家庭建设的联系方式至关重要。与此同时，这些提供者的经验提供了在经济迅速混乱的情况下进行变革的洞察力。该项目将围绕持续的地方和全球社会经济不平等，不断变化的社会和文化概念以及国家角色的转变带来新的光明和对话，并揭示低工资工人如何通过他们的劳动，家庭和社会经济实践参与这些现实。美国在为有孩子的家庭提供儿童保育支持方面落后于许多国家。虽然其他国家认识到儿童保育的经济负担，特别是对低工资家庭来说，但美国未能充分解决儿童保育赤字问题。该研究将帮助政策制定者了解有助于劳动生产率最大化的动态，从而提高美国的经济竞争力。

Dario Valles, under the supervision of Dr. Micaela di Leonardo of Northwestern University, will explore how American workers and families adapt to the pressures of globalization, and how those responses might vary across a range of socioeconomic categories. The explosion of the global service sector, in tandem with women's increasing labor force participation, has resulted in a global "care deficit." This has resulted in the reorganization of households and the creation of new labor markets. This research examines why and how migrant family child care workers in global cities provide subcontracted care to young children of working parents. Family child care (FCC) has been selected as a point of inquiry as it has become one of the fastest growing occupations in the U.S., with an estimated 2.3 million workers and many more working informally. The researcher focuses on childcare providers who service women and families in low-wage service work, an important sample population as previous scientific studies have tended to focus on upper middle class and affluent families. The researcher will conduct 12 months of ethnographic research, using participant observation, interviews, life histories, material and discourse analyses, and archival and statistical data collection. Ethnographic inquiry into family child care is critical to the ways in which everyday household practices are entwined with social and political economic hierarchies, practices of affective care and labor and constructions of family. At the same time, the experiences of these providers offer insight into change in the face of rapid economic dislocations. This project will bring new light and dialogue around continued local and global socioeconomic inequalities, shifting social and cultural concepts, and transformations in the role of the state, and reveal how low-wage workers engage these realities through their labor, household, and socioeconomic practices. The U.S. is behind many countries in providing child care support for families with children. While other countries recognize the economic burden of child care, particularly for low-wage families, the U.S. does not been able to adequately address this child care deficit. The research will help policymakers understand the dynamics that can contribute to the maximization of labor productivity, thereby improving the economic competitiveness of the U.S. The project will also support the training of a graduate student.