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Compositional, temperature, and pressure controls on structural order, dynamics, and properties of multicomponent borosilicate glasses

成分、温度和压力对多组分硼硅酸盐玻璃的结构有序、动力学和性能的控制

基本信息

批准号：
1400625
负责人：
Jonathan Stebbins
金额：
$ 60万
依托单位：
Stanford University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2020-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1400625&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Compositional temperature pressure controls structural

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONBorosilicate glasses are widely used in technology, with applications ranging from heat- and chemical-resistant glassware and reaction vessels, to reinforcement fibers in 'fiber-glass', to computer, television and smart phone display screens and solar-cell substrates. Many of these are central to multi-billion dollar U.S. industries. The atomic-scale structure of these materials controls their properties, which must be tailored to improve performance in their diverse uses. This project seeks to understand general principles of how variations in the glass composition, the way that it is heat-treated during manufacturing, and the pressures that can occur during bending and cracking, change the glass structure, to allow desired properties to be more easily predicted and engineered. The results of these studies should have more general interest as well, in other fields of science where glasses (and the liquids that form glass on cooling) are important, including geosciences and condensed-matter physics. Education is central to this project, since most of the research will be undertaken as part of the training of graduate and undergraduate students on their ways to careers in science and engineering.TECHNICAL DETAILSIn this project, the professor and his students are synthesizing several series of glasses with systematic variations in composition, and then measuring how the glass structure changes. The most important experimental approach that is being used is solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which provides quantitative details about the structure around many of the components common in technological glasses, including boron, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen. By varying the thermal and pressure treatments of the glasses, they can look for important, but still poorly-understood, effects. They are analyzing their findings with thermodynamic-based reaction equilibria to facilitate prediction of properties. Effects of 'non-traditional' components with unusually small and/or highly charged cations are being emphasized. Much of the current development of improved and new types of glass materials comes from trial-and-error experimentation; thus, it is an important goal to develop more fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships to efficiently explore parameter spaces. Success with this goal could lead to more effective ways of thinking about designing glass compositions for new or specific applications. Given the major efforts in glass science in other countries, and the importance of manufacturing high-tech glasses in U.S. industry, it seems particularly urgent for US-based researchers to make progress in the more fundamental understanding of these materials and remain as leaders in this field.

非技术描述硼硅酸盐玻璃广泛应用于技术，应用范围从耐热和耐化学玻璃器皿和反应容器，到“玻璃纤维”中的增强纤维，到计算机，电视和智能手机显示屏和太阳能电池基板。其中许多是价值数十亿美元的美国工业的核心。这些材料的原子尺度结构控制着它们的性能，必须对其进行调整，以提高它们在不同用途中的性能。该项目旨在了解玻璃成分变化的一般原理，制造过程中的热处理方式，以及弯曲和开裂过程中可能发生的压力，从而改变玻璃结构，从而更容易预测和设计所需的性能。这些研究的结果也应该引起更广泛的兴趣，在其他科学领域，玻璃（以及在冷却时形成玻璃的液体）是重要的，包括地球科学和凝聚态物理学。教育是这个项目的核心，因为大多数研究将作为研究生和本科生在科学和工程职业道路上培训的一部分进行。在这个项目中，教授和他的学生正在合成几个系列的玻璃，这些玻璃的成分有系统的变化，然后测量玻璃结构是如何变化的。目前使用的最重要的实验方法是固态核磁共振（NMR）光谱学，它提供了许多技术玻璃中常见成分（包括硼、铝、硅和氧）周围结构的定量细节。通过对眼镜进行不同的热和压力处理，他们可以找到重要的、但仍然知之甚少的效果。他们正在用基于热力学的反应平衡来分析他们的发现，以促进对性质的预测。具有异常小和/或高电荷阳离子的“非传统”组件的影响正在得到强调。目前许多改进的新型玻璃材料的开发都来自于反复试验；因此，发展对结构-性质关系的更基本的理解以有效地探索参数空间是一个重要的目标。实现这一目标的成功可能会导致更有效的方法来思考为新的或特定的应用设计玻璃成分。鉴于其他国家在玻璃科学方面的重大努力，以及制造高科技玻璃在美国工业中的重要性，对于美国的研究人员来说，在对这些材料的更基本的理解方面取得进展并保持在该领域的领先地位似乎尤为紧迫。