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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Fitness consequences of variation in parasite-mediated selection on outbreeding in a natural population

DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Fitness consequences of variation in parasite-mediated selection on outbreeding in a natural population
论文研究:寄生虫介导的选择变异对自然种群远交的适应性影响
批准号:
1401281
负责人:
Curtis Lively
金额:
$2.03万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Standard Grant
财政年份:
2014
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2014-04-15 至 2016-09-30

项目摘要

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中文摘要
翻译
绝大多数动物、植物和真菌通过异交或两个个体之间的配子交换进行繁殖。为什么这种繁殖形式如此常见?克隆只需要一个人,效率要高得多。进化生物学家与这一悖论斗争了40年。红皇后假说认为,异交之所以得以维持,是因为它促进了遗传多样性的后代的产生,这些后代可以逃脱寄生。相比之下,克隆的后代在基因上与他们的父母相同,因此可能会受到寄生虫的攻击,这些寄生虫已经适应了感染他们的祖先。该提案将使用淡水蜗牛及其绝育寄生虫的自然种群来最终验证这一假设。这项研究将结合长期的实地观察和实验操作,以确定在存在寄生虫的情况下,异交蜗牛是否比克隆蜗牛更具优势。这一结果将为自然界繁殖方式和遗传多样性的选择提供最广泛的评价之一。总的来说,该项目旨在了解遗传多样性在宿主群体中维持寄生虫抵抗力的力量。这些发现将影响使用应用疾病系统解决人类和动物健康、作物管理和保护的研究人员的工作。它们将特别有利于对多样性正在下降(保护)或被操纵(农业)的种群的管理。此外,调查人员致力于本科教育。他们建议将他们的工作转化为互动实验室练习,指导本科生了解宿主和寄生虫之间的相互作用的进化。
英文摘要
The vast majority of animals, plants, and fungi reproduce through outcrossing, or the exchange of gametes between two individuals. Why is this form of reproduction so common? Cloning, which only requires a single individual, is far more efficient. Evolutionary biologists have struggled with this paradox for 40 years. The Red Queen Hypothesis argues that outcrossing is maintained because it promotes the production of genetically diverse offspring that can escape parasitism. In contrast, cloned offspring are genetically identical to their parents and thus may be attacked by parasites that have adapted to infect their ancestors. The proposal will definitively test this hypothesis using a natural population of freshwater snails and their sterilizing parasites. The research will combine long-term field observations and experimental manipulations to determine if outcrossing snails gain an advantage over clonal snails in the presence of parasites. The results will provide one of the most extensive evaluations of selection on reproductive mode and genetic diversity in nature. Broadly, the project aims to understand the power of genetic diversity to maintain parasite resistance in host populations. These findings will bear upon the work of researchers using applied disease systems to address human and animal health, crop management, and conservation. They will particularly benefit the management of populations in which diversity is declining (conservation) or manipulated (agriculture). Moreover, the investigators are committed to undergraduate education. They propose to translate their work into an interactive laboratory exercise in which to instruct undergraduates in the evolution of interactions between hosts and their parasites.
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会议论文
OPUS: CRS: Through the looking glass: host-parasite coevolution and genetic recombination
  • 批准号:
    1906465
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $25.1万
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 负责人:
    Curtis Lively
  • 依托单位:
DISSERTATION RESEARCH "Clinal variation for life history in a freshwater snail"
  • 批准号:
    1110437
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $1.46万
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 负责人:
    Curtis Lively
  • 依托单位:
Dissertation Research: Multiple Paternity in P. antipodarum, a New Zealand Snail Species
  • 批准号:
    1110396
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $1.23万
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 负责人:
    Curtis Lively
  • 依托单位:
LTREB: A Long-Term Study of Host-Parasite Interactions
  • 批准号:
    0640639
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 资助金额:
    $42.49万
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 负责人:
    Curtis Lively
  • 依托单位:
国内基金
海外基金
Research on Quantum Field Theory without a Lagrangian Description
  • 批准号:
    24ZR1403900
  • 项目类别:
    省市级项目
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 批准年份:
    2024
  • 负责人:
    SATOSHI NAWATA
  • 依托单位:
Cell Research
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