DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The intragenomic conflict between the meiotic driver Abnormal Chromosome 10 and its suppressor in Zea mays.

论文研究：玉米减数分裂驱动基因异常 10 号染色体与其抑制基因之间的基因组内冲突。

• 批准号: 1406078
• 负责人: R Kelly Dawe
• 金额: $ 1.92万
• 依托单位: University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1406078&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; intragenomic; conflict; between

Abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) is a chromosome found in maize that breaks the rules of Mendelian genetics. The general assumption of genetics is that every trait, gene, and chromosome has a 50% chance of being passed on to the next generation. In most varieties of maize, Ab10 cheats these odds and shows up in 70-80% of offspring. However, other varieties suppress this selfish activity. This research will investigate how the individual maize plant fights back and stops the selfish chromosome from spreading quickly through the population. The use of high-throughput sequencing across a geographically diverse group of maize varieties with the ability to suppress Ab10 will identify the genes that evolved to police selfish elements and restore balance to the genome. Selfish elements are likely common in nature. An understanding of the race between a cheating chromosome and the genes that evolved to stop it tells the story of natural selection acting at the DNA level. Ab10 cheats during meiosis, a crucial process by which an organism parcels its DNA into gametes (seeds and pollen) and then passes it on to its offspring. Understanding how the selfish chromosome is halted illuminates the steps of the careful dance of chromosomes through meiosis and into the next generation.

异常 10 号染色体 (Ab10) 是玉米中发现的一条违反孟德尔遗传学规则的染色体。遗传学的一般假设是每个性状、基因和染色体都有 50% 的机会遗传给下一代。 在大多数玉米品种中，Ab10 都在 70-80% 的后代中出现。然而，其他品种抑制了这种自私的活动。这项研究将调查玉米个体如何反击并阻止自私染色体在群体中快速传播。对具有抑制 Ab10 能力的不同地理位置的玉米品种进行高通量测序，将鉴定出进化来监管自私元素并恢复基因组平衡的基因。自私的因素在自然界中可能很常见。了解作弊染色体与进化来阻止其发生的基因之间的竞争，讲述了自然选择在 DNA 水平上的作用。 Ab10 在减数分裂期间作弊，减数分裂是有机体将其 DNA 包装成配子（种子和花粉）然后将其传递给后代的关键过程。了解自私染色体如何停止，阐明了染色体通过减数分裂小心舞蹈并进入下一代的步骤。