GOALI: EAGER: CBET EE: Separating Salts from Water by Applying Supercharged Pulsed Jet Combustor to Hydrofracturing Water

1407896 Cannon水力压裂是页岩气开采的一个相对较新的领域。 它为美国成为能源出口国带来了希望;然而，页岩气的开采和用于开采页岩气的方法也可能对美国的水资源产生不利影响。因此，找到处理/修复工艺和采出水的技术是极其重要的。环境工程和相关计划的一个重要方面是确保尽一切努力将水力压裂对环境的不利影响降至最低。 该提案提出了一项新技术，以尽量减少对环境的不利影响。该团队将通过将增压脉冲射流（SPJ）应用于水力压裂水中来分离水中的盐。该水可以是工艺水或采出水。这个过程，一旦充分开发将是简单的，因为SPJ系统只是一个3英尺长的管，包括一个快速交替的空气燃料进口，和盐水排放喷嘴。这种SPJ系统将有助于美国的能源独立，在PA，TX，WY，CO，WV，LA和其他地方进行新的水力压裂，因此，它将在许多州得到应用。在使用这种SPJ的初步测试中，研究小组处理了水力压裂水（即，盐水），其含有12.6%的固体。由此，团队捕获了60%的盐水？把盐撒在钢网上。此外，水被雾化成雾，而使用的能量仅为理想情况下在1个大气压下烧水所需能量的17%。关于该项目的更广泛影响，PI将继续担任宾夕法尼亚州立大学斯隆少数民族奖学金计划的PI。这个斯隆项目将为16名少数族裔博士提供一年的资助。学生在STEM学科在项目的过程中。

1407896CannonHydrofracturing is a relatively new area with respect to shale-gas extraction. It holds the promise for the US becoming an energy exporter; however, it is also possible that the extraction of shale gas and the methods used for extracting shale gas may adversely impact water resources in the US. Therefore, it is extremely important that technologies to treat/remediate the process and produced water be found. An important aspect of Environmental Engineering and associated programs, is to insure that every effort is made to minimize adverse environmental impact from hydrofracturing. This proposal addresses a new technology to minimize adverse environmental impact.The team will separate salts from water by applying a supercharged pulsed jet (SPJ) to hydrofracturing water. This water may be either process or produced water. The process, once developed fully will be simple, as the SPJ system is merely of a 3-foot long tube, consisting of a rapidly alternating air-fuel intake, and a brine discharge nozzle. This SPJ system will help American energy-independence, with new hydrofracturing in PA, TX, WY, CO, WV, LA, and other places, thus, it will have applications in many states. In preliminary tests with this SPJ, the research team processed hydrofracturing water (i.e., brine) that contained 12.6 % solids. From this, the team captured 60 % of the brine?s salts onto a steel mesh. Also, the water was atomized into a mist while using just 17 % of the energy needed to ideally boil water at 1 atm pressure.With respect to the broader impacts of this project the PI will continue to serve as the PI of Penn State's Sloan Minority Scholarship Program. This Sloan program will provide a year's funding to 16 Minority Ph. D. students in STEM disciplines during the course of the project.