GOALI: EAGER: CBET EE: Separating Salts from Water by Applying Supercharged Pulsed Jet Combustor to Hydrofracturing Water

1407896加农炮水力压裂在页岩气开采方面是一个相对较新的领域。它为美国成为能源出口国带来了希望；然而，页岩气的开采和开采页岩气的方法也有可能对美国的水资源产生不利影响。因此，找到处理/修复该过程和产出水的技术是极其重要的。环境工程和相关项目的一个重要方面是确保尽一切努力将水力压裂对环境的不利影响降到最低。该提案涉及一项新技术，以尽量减少对环境的不利影响。该团队将通过对水力压裂水施加增压脉冲射流（SPJ）来分离水中的盐分。这种水可以是加工水，也可以是采出水。这个过程，一旦完全开发出来，将是简单的，因为SPJ系统仅仅是一个3英尺长的管，包括一个快速交替的空气-燃料进气道和一个盐水排放喷嘴。SPJ系统将帮助美国能源独立，在PA、TX、WY、CO、WV、LA和其他地方都有新的水力压裂技术，因此，它将在许多州得到应用。在SPJ的初步测试中，研究小组处理了含有12.6%固体的水力压裂水（即盐水）。从这里，团队捕获了60%的盐水？S盐洒在钢网上。此外，水被雾化成雾，而只需要17%的能量，就可以在1atm压力下理想地煮沸水。鉴于该项目的更广泛影响，PI将继续担任宾夕法尼亚州立大学斯隆少数民族奖学金项目的PI。这个斯隆项目将在项目期间为16名STEM学科的少数族裔博士生提供一年的资助。

1407896CannonHydrofracturing is a relatively new area with respect to shale-gas extraction. It holds the promise for the US becoming an energy exporter; however, it is also possible that the extraction of shale gas and the methods used for extracting shale gas may adversely impact water resources in the US. Therefore, it is extremely important that technologies to treat/remediate the process and produced water be found. An important aspect of Environmental Engineering and associated programs, is to insure that every effort is made to minimize adverse environmental impact from hydrofracturing. This proposal addresses a new technology to minimize adverse environmental impact.The team will separate salts from water by applying a supercharged pulsed jet (SPJ) to hydrofracturing water. This water may be either process or produced water. The process, once developed fully will be simple, as the SPJ system is merely of a 3-foot long tube, consisting of a rapidly alternating air-fuel intake, and a brine discharge nozzle. This SPJ system will help American energy-independence, with new hydrofracturing in PA, TX, WY, CO, WV, LA, and other places, thus, it will have applications in many states. In preliminary tests with this SPJ, the research team processed hydrofracturing water (i.e., brine) that contained 12.6 % solids. From this, the team captured 60 % of the brine?s salts onto a steel mesh. Also, the water was atomized into a mist while using just 17 % of the energy needed to ideally boil water at 1 atm pressure.With respect to the broader impacts of this project the PI will continue to serve as the PI of Penn State's Sloan Minority Scholarship Program. This Sloan program will provide a year's funding to 16 Minority Ph. D. students in STEM disciplines during the course of the project.