The behavioral and neural basis of codeswitching: bilingual speech, executive control, and language processing

这项博士后研究奖学金支持加州大学伯克利分校语言学领域的一名刚毕业的博士研究生的职业发展。这项研究由宾夕法尼亚州立大学语言科学中心的两位教授监督。这个跨学科的研究项目是理解单语和多语语言处理之间的共性和差异的重要一步。双语在历史上一直被视为一个独立的领域，但目前的研究提供了一组独特的数据，可以用来更好地理解所有语言处理背后的认知资源。更好地了解双语/多语语言规范对于制定有效的教学课程和评价至关重要。此外，这项工作的结果有可能是有用的诊断和治疗材料在临床设置。本研究结合了语音学、语料库语言学、认知心理学和认知神经科学的方法，以更好地了解语音产生和语音感知背后的过程时间过程。该项目使用双语语言处理作为一个背景，可以揭示在单语使用者中隐藏的认知机制。具体的研究问题针对抑制过程的神经特征之间的相互作用，如使用事件相关电位（ERPs）所揭示的，以及该抑制的行为结果，如在语音发音的声学测量中所揭示的。这些研究利用了双语者在句子中间转换语言的能力。这个项目的培训部分既有理论方面的，也有方法方面的。该项目利用了该研究员之前的培训，同时使其熟悉进行双语认知心理学相关研究所需的理论背景，以及将神经认知和眼球追踪方法纳入其未来工作所需的方法论培训。这项拟议研究的智力价值在于它能够将传统上独立的语言研究方法的发现联系在一起。

This Postdoctoral Research Fellowship supports the career development of a recent Ph.D. graduate from the University of California, Berkeley in the field of Linguistics. The research is supervised by two professors from the Center for Language Science at the Pennsylvania State University. This interdisciplinary research project is an important step toward understanding the commonalities and differences between monolingual and multilingual language processing. Bilingualism has historically been treated as its own separate field, but the current study contributes a unique set of data that can be exploited to better understand the cognitive resources that underlie all language processing. A better understanding of bilingual/multilingual linguistic norms is critical for the development of effective teaching curricula and assessments. In addition, the results of this work have the potential to be useful for diagnostic and treatment materials in a clinical setting.This research incorporates methods from phonetics, corpus linguistics, cognitive psychology, and cognitive neuroscience to better understand the time course of processes underlying speech production and speech perception. The project uses bilingual language processing as a context that can reveal cognitive mechanisms that are otherwise hidden in monolingual speakers. The specific research questions target the interplay between the neural signature of inhibitory processes, as revealed using Event Related Potentials (ERPs), and the behavioral outcome of that inhibition, as revealed in acoustic measures of speech articulation. The studies take advantage of bilinguals' ability to switch languages mid-sentence. The training component of this project is both theoretical and methodological. The project capitalizes on the Fellow's previous training while simultaneously familiarizing her with the theoretical background necessary to conduct research related to the cognitive psychology of bilingualism, and the methodological training necessary to incorporate neurocognitive and eyetracking methods into her future work. The intellectual merit of the proposed research is its ability to tie together findings from traditionally separate approaches to studying language.