GRK 1876: Early Concepts of Man and Nature: Universal, Local, Borrowed

GRK 1876：人与自然的早期概念：普遍、本地、借用

• 批准号: 215342465
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Training Groups
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/215342465?language=en
• 关键词: GRK; 1876; Early; Concepts; Man

The aim of the GRK is to grasp concepts of man and nature and their beginnings in an exemplary way, focusing on an intra-cultural as well as a trans-cultural understanding and taking textual, iconic and material sources as a starting point. These sources come from North- East Africa, the Near East and Europe and cover a span from 100.000 BC to Medieval times. To achieve that aim, four overlapping main fields of research have been defined:A) Concepts of primary states of the cosmos and primary elements, cosmogony and theend of the worldB) Concepts of natural phenomena, natural forces and natural catastrophesC) Concepts of flora, fauna and natural surroundingsD) Concepts of the human body, sickness, healing and death.The GRK offers the opportunity to produce relevant results within these four fields by identifying, analyzing and contextualizing single concepts and afterwards discussing and verifying them in an interdisciplinary environment and combining them to gain overarching syntheses. During this process, (while we assume a broad understanding of "concept" as a theoretical and methodological starting point) specific questions will be tackled about the kinds, communication and development of such concepts as well as about the shaping of concepts in terms of time, literary genus, media used for transmission, language, iconography, material, socio-cultural environment, and individual influences. Comparing concepts within a culture and beyond will lead to manifold innovative insights regarding universality, specificity and transmission. By asking more generally for the reasons for universality, specificity and transmission we will generate new hypotheses about if and how anthropological factors have also influenced early concepts of man and nature. The GRK supports the process of research by a broad and structured program, which is rooted in the single disciplines but also includes interdisciplinary formats like discussion in a plenum, workshops and transdisciplinary conferences. It supplies the doctoral candidates with intense support regarding content and method, an excellent scientific environment in Mainz (e.g. the established workshops "Alte Medizin" and "Antike Naturwissenschaften und ihre Rezeption", the research-center "Historische Kulturwissenschaften", and the "Römisch-Germanische Zentralmuseum"), renowned national and international partners and well-structured opportunities for advanced training.

GRK的目的是以一种示范性的方式掌握人与自然的概念及其起源，侧重于文化内以及跨文化的理解，并以文本，图标和材料来源为起点。这些来源来自非洲东北部，近东和欧洲，涵盖了从公元前100.000到中世纪的时间跨度。为了实现这一目标，确定了四个相互重叠的主要研究领域：A）宇宙和基本元素的初级状态的概念，宇宙进化论和世界末日B）自然现象，自然力量和自然灾害的概念C）植物群，动物群和自然环境的概念D）人体，疾病，愈合和死亡的概念GRK提供了在这四个领域内产生相关结果的机会，通过识别，分析和上下文的单一概念，然后在跨学科的环境中讨论和验证它们，并将它们结合起来，以获得总体综合。在这一过程中，（虽然我们假设对“概念”的广泛理解作为理论和方法论的起点）将解决有关这些概念的种类，传播和发展的具体问题，以及有关概念在时间，文学属，用于传输的媒体，语言，图像，材料，社会文化环境和个人影响方面的形成。比较文化内外的概念将导致关于普遍性，特殊性和传播的多种创新见解。通过对普遍性、特殊性和传播的原因进行更一般性的询问，我们将产生新的假设，即人类学因素是否以及如何影响了早期的人与自然的概念。GRK通过广泛而结构化的计划支持研究过程，该计划植根于单一学科，但也包括跨学科的形式，如全会，研讨会和跨学科会议的讨论。它为博士生提供了内容和方法方面的大力支持，美因茨的优良科学环境（例如，已建立的研讨会“Alte Medizin”和“Antike Naturwissenschaften und ihre Rezeption”，研究中心“Historische Kulturwissenschaften”和“Römisch-Germanische Zentralmuseum”），着名的国内和国际合作伙伴以及结构良好的高级培训机会。