Pre-and post typhoon sediment patterns in the central Philippine Islands

菲律宾中部群岛台风前后的沉积模式

• 批准号: 1419677
• 负责人: Peter Ward
• 金额: $ 1.94万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-15 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1419677&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Pre; post; typhoon; sediment; patterns

Strong storms can have devastating impacts on people living on the coasts, built infrastructure, and on marine fisheries and ecosystems that lie offshore. Super typhoon Haiyan, the largest storm ever recorded, hit the Philippines in the Fall of 2013 causing serious damage on land. Similarly, it had devastating impacts on marine ecosystems and biological communities, but the extent of these impacts because they are not readily visible due to their underwater locations are generally under documented and appreciated. This research is an NSF RAPID response to document and assess the sediment erosion and redistribution across the central Philippine Islands as a result of super storm Haiyan and its impact on sea life and marine ecosystems. Mapping of seafloor sediments and sample collection via piston coring will be undertaken to measure net changes in the accumulation and/or erosion of pre-existing carbonate and siliciclastic sediment cover from intertidal to deep water (500 meters below sea level) environments in the Central Philippine Islands. Results of the investigation will be used to examine differences in sedimentation and erosion processes between normal and extreme-event timeframes. Sediments will be collected using piston cores and photographic images will be recorded of the seafloor. Drone-enabled aerial photography of the study area will also be collected. These data will be compared with time-series data of the same locations that have been taken over the last three years by the principle investigator. Particular emphasis will be given to changes in sea grass beds, reefs, and biological communities that form the basis of Philippine fisheries and tourism. Broader impacts of the work include collaboration with Philippine and Australian scientists and hazard assessment of shallow and deep offshore marine ecosystems that can be used for economic assessment of damaging storms in Pacific Island nations.

强风暴可能对生活在沿海的人们、已建的基础设施以及近海的海洋渔业和生态系统造成毁灭性的影响。超级台风海燕是有记录以来最大的风暴，于2013年秋天袭击了菲律宾，造成了严重的陆地破坏。同样，它对海洋生态系统和生物群落造成了毁灭性的影响，但这些影响的程度，因为它们在水下的位置不容易被看到，所以一般没有得到充分的记录和认识。这项研究是国家科学基金会对记录和评估超级风暴海燕造成的菲律宾中部岛屿的沉积物侵蚀和重新分布及其对海洋生物和海洋生态系统的影响的快速反应。将进行海底沉积物测绘和通过活塞取心采集样品，以衡量菲律宾中部群岛从潮间带到深水(海平面以下500米)原有碳酸盐和硅屑沉积物覆盖层积累和/或侵蚀的净变化。调查结果将被用来检查正常和极端事件时间范围内沉积和侵蚀过程的差异。将使用活塞芯收集沉积物，并将记录海底的摄影图像。无人机启用的研究区域的航空摄影也将被收集。这些数据将与首席调查员在过去三年中取得的相同地点的时间序列数据进行比较。将特别重视构成菲律宾渔业和旅游业基础的海草床、珊瑚礁和生物群落的变化。这项工作的更广泛影响包括与菲律宾和澳大利亚科学家的合作，以及可用于对太平洋岛国破坏性风暴进行经济评估的浅海和深海近海生态系统的危险评估。