NeTS: Medium: Collaborative Research: A Software Defined Internet Exchange

边界网关协议（BGP）是用于管理和控制连接在一起形成Internet的单独管理的网络之间的流量的协议。 由于目前互联网的许多故障是由于BGP的性能差和功能有限，该项目的目的是探索增量部署的方式来利用软件定义网络（SDN）的力量，以改善域间路由。 这些改进将通过负载平衡和流量工程促进更高的投资回报，增加响应拒绝服务攻击的能力，以及诸如应用特定对等的新服务，其中两个网络仅为某些应用交换流量（例如，视频）。 此外，该项目将提高网络运营商根据流量跟踪和设计对等关系的能力。该项目利用互联网交换点（IXP）的重新出现，创建软件定义交换（SDX），从根本上改变网络控制。 该项目有两个主要主题：（1）与BGP共存的近期解决方案;（2）完全取代BGP的长期解决方案，使用IXP作为主要的互连模式。 就近期解决方案而言，核心的智力问题是探索当单个IXP部署基于SDN的技术时可能实现的改进。 从长远来看，假设SDX有一天会变得更加突出，该项目正在开发解决方案，完全取代BGP与SDX介导的互联网，其中所有对等在这些互连点发生。这种设计将使策略仅与端点（发送和接收域）相关，并将消除中间提供商的策略复杂性。该项目还在研究这些端点策略如何出现，SDX间路由如何完成，长期设计如何增量部署，以及其对提供商生态系统的影响。SDX的设计可能会指向一个更稳定、更安全、更经济的互联网。

The Border Gateway Protocol(BGP) is the protocol used to administer and control the flow of traffic between the separately administered networks that connect together to form the Internet. Because many of the current failings of the Internet are due to BGP's poor performance and limited functionality, this project aims to explore incrementally deployable ways to leverage Software-Defined Networking's (SDN) power to improve interdomain routing. These improvements will facilitate higher return on investment via load balancing and traffic engineering, increased capabilities to respond to denial-of-service attacks, and new services such as application specific peering where two networks exchange traffic only for certain applications (e.g., video). Additionally, the project will improved the ability of network operators to track and engineer peering relationships based on traffic volume.This project exploits the re-emergence of Internet eXchange Points (IXPs) to create Software Defined eXchanges (SDXs) that fundamentally change network control. The project has two major themes: (1) near-term solutions that coexist with BGP; and (2) long-term solutions that replace BGP entirely, using IXPs as the dominant mode of interconnection. In terms of near-term solutions, the central intellectual question explores the improvements that are possible when a single IXP deploys SDN-based technology. Longer term, assuming that SDXes will one day become more prominent, the project is developing solutions that replace BGP entirely with an SDX-mediated Internet, where all peering takes place at these interconnection points. Such a design would make policy only relevant to the endpoints (the sending and receiving domains) and would eliminate policy complications from intermediate providers. The project is also investigating how these endpoint policies might emerge, how the inter-SDX routing is done, how the longer-term design might be incrementally deployed, and what its impact might be in the provider ecosystem. The SDX design may point the way to a more stable, secure, and economically sound Internet.