CSR: Small: Jouler: A Cross-Device Energy Management Framework for Smartphones

该项目的目标是解决电池寿命短的问题，这一问题继续困扰着智能手机用户。现有的电池管理方法被证明太不灵活，无法响应应用程序能耗、用户行为、充电习惯和电池寿命预期的显著变化，这些变化都定义了能量管理问题并使其复杂化。这种多样性水平意味着“一刀切”的方法可能会失败，就像对应用程序或用户进行广泛概括的方法一样：一个用户最喜欢的应用程序可能会导致另一个用户无法接受的电池消耗。一个用户可能愿意每天充电多次，而另一个用户希望他们的手机持续一整天。该项目研究通过一种名为Jouler的新型能量管理框架来解决电池寿命问题。Jouler在三个方面区别于其他努力：首先，Jouler是自动化的，将用户从循环中删除，以减少手动能源管理的负担和容易出错的性质。其次，Jouler是灵活的，将能源管理策略封装到政策模块中，可以通过应用程序市场分发，并根据用户的需要安装。通过将能源管理策略与机制分离，Jouler还实现了能源管理算法的创新，这些算法现在可以由开发人员编写并像应用程序一样进行评估。第三，Jouler试图提供一个跨设备框架，使能源管理人员能够在具有不同功能的各种智能手机设备上成功工作。该项目的教育和外联活动包括开设一门新的能源管理课程，每年举办一次挑战赛，以提高人们对政策模块开发的兴趣，并安排一项新的能源管理任务，以加强广泛使用的教学操作系统。

The goal of this project is to address the problem of short battery lifetimes, which continue to frustrate users of smart phones. Existing approaches to battery management are proving too inflexible to respond to the significant variations in application program energy consumption, user behavior, charging habits, and battery lifetime expectations that both define and complicate the energy management problem. This level of diversity means that "one size fits all" approaches are likely to fail, as are approaches that make broad generalizations about applications or users: one user's favorite application may cause unacceptable battery drain for another user. One user may be willing to charge multiple times per day while another wants their phone to last all day. The project research approaches the battery lifetime problem through a novel energy management framework, named Jouler. Jouler is distinguished from other efforts in three ways: First, Jouler is automated, removing the user from the loop to reduce the burdensome and error-prone nature of manual energy management. Second, Jouler is flexible, encapsulating energy management strategies into policy modules that can be distributed through application marketplaces and installed as needed by users. By separating energy management policies from mechanisms, Jouler also enables innovation in energy management algorithms, which can now be written by developers and evaluated like apps. Third, Jouler attempts to provide a cross-device framework to allow energy managers to work successfully across broad classes of smartphone devices with different features. The educational and outreach activities of the project include a new course on energy management, a yearly challenge contest to increase interest in policy module development, and a new energy management assignment augmenting a widely-used instructional operating system.