CNIC: US-Czech Project Development for Research on the Anatomy of Volcanic-Magmatic Systems

这一催化新国际合作奖(CNIC)为PI、Michael Petronis和来自新墨西哥高地大学的两名美国研究生提供了前往捷克共和国(CR)并与捷克地质调查局和捷克科学院岩石结构与机制研究所的合作伙伴开展合作的机会。美国-捷克团队将共同研究CR吉耶因火山场古火山的生长情况，并将这些火山与新墨西哥州北部的火山进行比较。他们的目标是为理解小火山的发展提供新的范例，这种小火山被称为煤渣锥，这是地球上最常见的陆地火山特征。通过在两个或更多捷克火山遗址进行的实验室研究和实地研究，美国-捷克团队打算测试小型火山建造的常见模型，这些模型将岩浆输送系统视为简单的堤坝或管状管道，将岩浆从水库垂直输送到喷发喷口。他们的另一种假说认为，在这些看似简单的外表下，馈线几何形状要复杂得多。这一催化努力有望为NSF-构造和NSF-岩石学和地球化学项目的后续合作研究和应用奠定必要的基础工作，同时目标是让未被充分代表的美国学生参与此类项目的未来领域和实验室方面，从而为具有早期职业国际研究经验的下一代地球科学家做出贡献。如果成功，新的初步数据将有助于确定预期的、更复杂的岩浆馈送系统的演化，特别是涉及多次沿时间推移在锥体下方注入岩浆，岩浆垂直向上、向下和横向朝向和远离中央喷口管道的输送。研究小组假设，岩浆供应速率(例如，脉冲与连续)、岩浆压力以及岩浆成分影响次火山构造几何形状和建筑物变形。他们的现场方法将包括对喷发产物、沉积特征和结构测量的初步现场观察，以及样品收集。实验室方法包括薄片岩石学、古地磁、磁化率各向异性分析和地球物理测量，以绘制地下结构图。在与捷克同事合作开展这些活动期间获得的新数据将有助于初步评估岩浆流动模式、次火山变形(微构造和古地磁)以及火山的地下结构(地球物理)。如果捷克共和国的火山产生的结果和数据与PI之前研究过的地点的结果和数据相似，那么美国-捷克团队认为，这种小型火山下的岩浆流动模式可能会被确立为新的常态，可能会改变我们对地球上最丰富的火山构造的基本理解。

This award for Catalyzing New International Collaborations(CNIC) provides the PI, Michael Petronis, and two U.S. graduate students from New Mexico Highlands University with an opportunity to travel to the Czech Republic (CR) and initiate a collaboration with partners from the Czech Geological Survey and the Czech Academy of Sciences' Institute of Rock Structures and Mechanisms. Together the U.S.-Czech team will examine the growth of ancient volcanoes in the Jièín Volcanic Field, CR, and compare those volcanoes to ones in northern New Mexico. Their goal is to derive new paradigms for understanding the development of small volcanoes, known as cinder cones, which are the most common terrestrial volcanic feature on Earth. Through laboratory studies and field research at two or more Czech volcanic sites, the US-Czech team intends to test common models of small volcano construction that treat the magma feeder system as a simple dike or pipe-like conduit that transports magma vertically from a reservoir to the eruptive vent. Their alternative hypothesis maintains that feeder geometries beneath these apparently simple exteriors are considerably more complex. This catalytic effort is expected to establish essential ground work for follow-on cooperative research and applications to NSF-Tectonics and NSF-Petrology and Geochemistry programs with the parallel goal of involving under-represented U.S. students in futue field and laboraroty aspects of such projects, thereby contributing to the next generation of geoscientists, with early career international research experience.If successful, new preliminary data should assist with defining the evolution of the anticipated, more complex magma feeder system, specifically, one that involves multiple, time-transgressive injections beneath the cone with magma transported vertically upward and downward and laterally toward and away from the central vent conduit. The team hypothesizes that magma supply rate (e.g., pulsed versus continuous), magma pressure as well as magma composition, influence the subvolcanic construction geometries and edifice deformation. Their field methods will include primary field observations of eruption products, deposit characteristics, and structural measurements, as well as sample collection. Laboratory methods are to include thin section petrology, paleomagnetic, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analysis, and geophysical surveys to map the subsurface structure. The new data obtained during these activities in partnership with Czech colleagues will enable preliminary assessments of magmatic flow patterns, sub-volcanic deformation (microstructures and paleomagnetism), and the subsurface structure of the volcanoes (geophysics). If the Czech Republic volcanoes yield results and data similar to that from sites previously studied by the PI, then the U.S.-Czech team maintains that this pattern of magma flow beneath small volcanoes may be established as a new norm, potentially transforming our fundamental understanding of the most abundant volcanic construct on Earth.