CNIC: US-Czech Project Development for Research on the Anatomy of Volcanic-Magmatic Systems

CNIC：美国-捷克火山岩浆系统解剖研究项目开发

• 批准号: 1423396
• 负责人: Michael Petronis
• 金额: $ 2.71万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Highlands University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1423396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNIC; US; Czech; Project; Development

This award for Catalyzing New International Collaborations(CNIC) provides the PI, Michael Petronis, and two U.S. graduate students from New Mexico Highlands University with an opportunity to travel to the Czech Republic (CR) and initiate a collaboration with partners from the Czech Geological Survey and the Czech Academy of Sciences' Institute of Rock Structures and Mechanisms. Together the U.S.-Czech team will examine the growth of ancient volcanoes in the Jièín Volcanic Field, CR, and compare those volcanoes to ones in northern New Mexico. Their goal is to derive new paradigms for understanding the development of small volcanoes, known as cinder cones, which are the most common terrestrial volcanic feature on Earth. Through laboratory studies and field research at two or more Czech volcanic sites, the US-Czech team intends to test common models of small volcano construction that treat the magma feeder system as a simple dike or pipe-like conduit that transports magma vertically from a reservoir to the eruptive vent. Their alternative hypothesis maintains that feeder geometries beneath these apparently simple exteriors are considerably more complex. This catalytic effort is expected to establish essential ground work for follow-on cooperative research and applications to NSF-Tectonics and NSF-Petrology and Geochemistry programs with the parallel goal of involving under-represented U.S. students in futue field and laboraroty aspects of such projects, thereby contributing to the next generation of geoscientists, with early career international research experience.If successful, new preliminary data should assist with defining the evolution of the anticipated, more complex magma feeder system, specifically, one that involves multiple, time-transgressive injections beneath the cone with magma transported vertically upward and downward and laterally toward and away from the central vent conduit. The team hypothesizes that magma supply rate (e.g., pulsed versus continuous), magma pressure as well as magma composition, influence the subvolcanic construction geometries and edifice deformation. Their field methods will include primary field observations of eruption products, deposit characteristics, and structural measurements, as well as sample collection. Laboratory methods are to include thin section petrology, paleomagnetic, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility analysis, and geophysical surveys to map the subsurface structure. The new data obtained during these activities in partnership with Czech colleagues will enable preliminary assessments of magmatic flow patterns, sub-volcanic deformation (microstructures and paleomagnetism), and the subsurface structure of the volcanoes (geophysics). If the Czech Republic volcanoes yield results and data similar to that from sites previously studied by the PI, then the U.S.-Czech team maintains that this pattern of magma flow beneath small volcanoes may be established as a new norm, potentially transforming our fundamental understanding of the most abundant volcanic construct on Earth.

这个促进新国际合作（CNIC）的奖项为PI Michael Petronis和来自新墨西哥州高地大学的两名美国研究生提供了前往捷克共和国（CR）的机会，并与捷克地质调查局和捷克科学院岩石结构和机制研究所的合作伙伴开展合作。 我们一起-捷克研究小组将研究捷克共和国Jièín火山区古代火山的生长情况，并将这些火山与新墨西哥州北方的火山进行比较。 他们的目标是获得新的范例，以了解小火山的发展，称为火山锥，这是地球上最常见的陆地火山特征。 通过在两个或多个捷克火山遗址的实验室研究和实地研究，美国-捷克团队打算测试小型火山建筑的常见模型，这些模型将岩浆补给系统视为一个简单的堤坝或管道状管道，将岩浆从水库垂直输送到喷发口。 他们的另一种假设认为，这些表面简单的外表下的馈线几何形状要复杂得多。 这一催化努力预计将为后续合作研究和应用奠定必要的基础工作，以NSF-构造学和NSF-岩石学和地球化学项目，同时目标是让代表性不足的美国学生参与这些项目的未来领域和实验室方面，从而为下一代地球科学家做出贡献，具有早期职业国际研究经验。新的初步数据应有助于确定预期的、更复杂的岩浆补给系统的演变，具体而言，该系统涉及在锥体下方多次时间侵入注入，岩浆垂直向上和向下以及横向朝向和远离中央通风管道输送。该团队假设岩浆供应率（例如，脉冲与连续），岩浆压力以及岩浆成分，影响次火山建筑的几何形状和建筑变形。 他们的实地方法将包括对喷发产物、存款特征和结构测量的初步实地观察，以及样品收集。实验室方法包括薄片岩石学、古地磁学、磁化率各向异性分析和地球物理勘测，以绘制地下结构图。在这些活动中与捷克同事合作获得的新数据将有助于对岩浆流动模式、次火山变形（微观结构和古地磁学）和火山地下结构（地球物理学）进行初步评估。 如果捷克共和国火山产生的结果和数据与PI先前研究的地点相似，那么美国-捷克研究小组认为，小火山下的这种岩浆流动模式可能会成为一种新的规范，可能会改变我们对地球上最丰富的火山结构的基本理解。