US-Denmark-Czech Republic-China planning visit to develop an integrative approach to understanding range expansions and biological invasions under global change regimes

美国-丹麦-捷克共和国-中国计划访问，以制定综合方法来了解全球变化机制下的范围扩张和生物入侵

• 批准号: 1419966
• 负责人: James Cronin
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1419966&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; Denmark; Czech; Republic; China

US-China planning visit to develop an integrative approach to understanding range expansion and invasiveness of plants under global change regimes.Global climate change is predicted to have profound effects on species range expansions within continents and species invasions across continents. At present, few studies have examined the effects of global environmental change (GEC) on the interactions between invasive plant species and the native plants, animals and other organisms in the invaded community. Moreover, no studies have attempted to integrate disparate scientific fields such as genetics, physiology, geography and ecology, to determine the mechanisms underlying the effects of GEC on native-invasive species interactions. Such an integrated approach can lead to a greater ability to predict novel plant-herbivore interactions (e.g., acquiring new herbivores during range expansion of a plant) which may be one of the more serious consequences of global climate change.The proposed projects involves a partnership between Co-Investigators Cronin and Meyerson and Hans Brix (Aarhus University, Denmark), Petr Pysek (The Institute of Botany, Czech Republic), and Renqing Wang (Shandong University, China; SDU) to strengthen a network of global scientists working to predict and address the effects of GEC on plant genetics, physiology and interactions with native plants and herbivores. Collaborations already exist between US and European partners, but inclusion of Professor Wang into this collaboration is essential and would represent a new partnership. The project will focus on a global network of experimental gardens (one at each of the five partner institutions) containing specimens of the plant species Phragmites australis collected from all over the world. P. australis is a model study system because it has a global distribution, high genetic diversity, wide latitudinal range (+/-60o), ready availability of both modern and historical samples, and is invasive on some continents. The complementary resources and skills (botany, ecophysiology, statistical modeling, ecology and genetics) and international experience of the proposal partners and supporting organizations will allow researchers to investigate the spatial, temporal and genetic patterns in the distribution of P. australis resulting from past, present, and future GEC. Overall, the collaboration will increase the scale, scope, and capacity of research of all partners and offer opportunities for interdisciplinary research efforts with fields such as economics, policy, and sociology. To establish a new partnership with Professor Wang and SDU, Cronin and Meyerson, along with one student from each lab, will travel to SDU to meet Prof. Wang and his research group. The objectives and associated activities from this visit are four fold. (1) Initiate the establishment of a complementary common garden at SDU. (2) With the assistance of Prof. Wang, collect proof-of-concept data on P. australis physiology, genetics, herbivory, defenses against herbivores, and plant growth. (3) Train and transfer knowledge amongst partners and their students through field demonstrations and web-based seminars. And (4) Foster long-term sustainable collaborative research amongst partner institutions. This project will provide international travel, mentorship and training for two graduate students. Students will have access not only to world renowned scientists in their field, but also to five common gardens and associated laboratory facilities to enable them to conduct cutting-edge international research on important societal and ecological problems. Outreach will include a general-public webinar series on invasion biology and global change ecology.

中美计划访问，以发展一种综合的方法来了解全球变化机制下植物的分布区扩展和入侵。全球气候变化预计将对大陆内物种分布区扩展和跨大陆物种入侵产生深远影响。目前，关于全球环境变化（GEC）对入侵植物与入侵群落中的原生植物、动物和其他生物相互作用的影响研究较少。此外，没有研究试图整合不同的科学领域，如遗传学，生理学，地理学和生态学，以确定GEC对本地入侵物种相互作用的影响的机制。这种综合方法可以导致更大的能力来预测新的植物-食草动物相互作用（例如，在植物范围扩大期间获得新的食草动物），这可能是全球气候变化的更严重后果之一。拟议的项目涉及共同调查员克罗宁和迈耶森以及汉斯·布里克斯之间的合作（奥胡斯大学，丹麦），彼得·皮塞克（捷克共和国植物研究所）和王仁庆（山东大学，中国; SDU）加强全球科学家网络，致力于预测和解决GEC对植物遗传学，生理学以及与本土植物和食草动物相互作用的影响。美国和欧洲的合作伙伴之间已经存在合作，但王教授加入这种合作是必不可少的，将代表一种新的伙伴关系。该项目将侧重于一个全球实验花园网络（五个伙伴机构各一个），其中包括从世界各地收集的芦苇植物物种标本。澳大利亚对虾是一个典型的研究系统，因为它具有全球分布，高遗传多样性，宽纬度范围（+/-60 °），现代和历史样本的现成可用性，并且在一些大陆具有入侵性。互补的资源和技能（植物学，生态生理学，统计建模，生态学和遗传学）以及提案合作伙伴和支持组织的国际经验将使研究人员能够调查过去，现在和未来GEC导致的P. australis分布的空间，时间和遗传模式。总体而言，合作将增加所有合作伙伴的研究规模，范围和能力，并为经济学，政策和社会学等领域的跨学科研究工作提供机会。 为了与王教授和山大建立新的合作伙伴关系，克罗宁和迈耶森将沿着每个实验室的一名学生前往山大会见王教授和他的研究小组。这次访问的目标和相关活动有四个方面。(1)倡议在飞虎队建立一个配套的公共花园。(2)在王教授的协助下，收集关于澳洲赤杨生理学、遗传学、食草动物、防御食草动物和植物生长的概念验证数据。(3)通过现场演示和网络研讨会在合作伙伴及其学生之间培训和传授知识。及（4）促进伙伴院校之间的长期可持续合作研究。该项目将为两名研究生提供国际旅行、指导和培训。学生不仅可以接触到他们所在领域的世界知名科学家，还可以使用五个共同的花园和相关的实验室设施，使他们能够对重要的社会和生态问题进行尖端的国际研究。外联活动将包括一个关于入侵生物学和全球变化生态学的公众网络研讨会系列。