Understanding the Mechanisms for Disengagement from Contentious Political Interaction

了解脱离有争议的政治互动的机制

• 批准号: 1423788
• 负责人: Jaime Settle
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: College of William and Mary
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1423788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Understanding; Mechanisms; Disengagement; Contentious; Political

The goal of this project is to better understand which facets of social interaction about politics are most stress inducing, for which kinds of people, and in which contexts. The first part of the study uses survey experiments to assess hypothesized aspects of interpersonal political interaction that may induce stress, relating to demands to form and express opinions, as well as concerns about potentially negative evaluations or social implications of political interaction. This survey experiment will be conducted with a a nationally representative sample of American adults. The second part of the study will use a set of laboratory experiments to demonstrate causal relationships between the experience of social encounters with politics and self-reported as well as physiologically-measured stress and emotional reponese. By manipulating the social tie strength of the discussants in a political interaction, the format of the interaction, and the anticipated level of disagreement, the study will more fully elucidate the mechanisms that cause people to be uncomfortable interacting about politics, potentially leading to their disengagement from politics. This research will fill major gaps in the political science literature by unifying fragemented findings loosely related to these topics. This unique approach also continues to bridge the methodological gap between between political science and psychology by relying heavily on a social psychological explanation for political behavior. The combined effect of increased social interaction about politics-due to largely to the development fo the Internet and social media-in a more polarized political environment suggest that people are more likely to encounter extreme views, information about political beliefs in their social connections, and demands to voice their own political opinions. Not everyone will be equally affected by these changes in the political environment, however, and individual psychological differences may influence how people interpret the demands and ramifications of contentious social interactions about politics. This study examines the psychological traits that impact our willingness to engage in political debate.Democratic behavior hinges on the idea that all citizens have equal opportunity to voice their opinions. Barriers to participation and representation-based on gender, race, class, and education level-persist and remain formidable challenges. However, we should not overlook more-subtle-and perhaps more complex-barriers to engagement based on people's orientation twoard conflict and disagreement. People who prefer consensus and cmpromise may be discouraged from engaging meaningfully with politics in a polarized environment. Identifying the facets of politics that are stressful to citizens, and indentifying the facets of politics that are stressful to citizens, and indentifying ways to ameliorate that stress, has the potential to energize and enfranchise citizens who are discuouraged by our current political system.

该项目的目标是更好地了解有关政治的社会互动的哪些方面最容易引发压力、对哪些类型的人以及在哪些背景下。 研究的第一部分使用调查实验来评估假设的方面，人际政治互动，可能会引起压力，有关的要求，形成和表达意见，以及对潜在的负面评价或政治互动的社会影响的关注。 这项调查实验将在美国成年人的全国代表性样本中进行。 研究的第二部分将使用一组实验室实验来证明与政治的社会遭遇的经验和自我报告以及生理测量的压力和情绪反应之间的因果关系。 通过操纵讨论者在政治互动中的社会联系强度、互动的形式以及预期的分歧程度，本研究将更全面地阐明导致人们对政治互动感到不舒服的机制，从而可能导致他们脱离政治。 这项研究将通过统一与这些主题松散相关的零散发现来填补政治学文献中的主要空白。 这种独特的方法也继续弥合政治科学和心理学之间的方法论差距，严重依赖于对政治行为的社会心理学解释。 在一个更加两极化的政治环境中，由于互联网和社交媒体的发展，有关政治的社会互动增加的综合效应表明，人们更有可能在社会关系中遇到极端观点，有关政治信仰的信息，以及表达自己政治观点的要求。 然而，并非每个人都会受到政治环境变化的影响，个体心理差异可能会影响人们如何解释有争议的社会互动对政治的需求和影响。 这项研究调查了影响我们参与政治辩论意愿的心理特征。民主行为取决于所有公民都有平等的机会表达自己的意见。 基于性别、种族、阶级和教育水平的参与和代表障碍持续存在，仍然是巨大的挑战。 然而，我们不应该忽视更微妙--也许也更复杂--基于人们对冲突和分歧的取向的参与障碍。 在一个两极分化的环境中，倾向于达成共识和承诺的人可能会被阻止有意义地参与政治。 确定政治的方面，是紧张的公民，并确定政治的方面，是紧张的公民，并确定方法来改善这种压力，有可能激励和赋予公民谁是discuoured我们目前的政治制度。