Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Ecological niche evolution of Homo and Paranthropus at East Turkana, northern Kenya
博士论文改进补助金:肯尼亚北部东图尔卡纳的人属和傍人的生态位演化
基本信息
- 批准号:1424203
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.12万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2014
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2014-08-01 至 2016-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
A comprehensive understanding of a species' evolutionary history includes determining the ecological factors that drove its adaptations. All species occupy a particular ecological niche whose breadth is determined by the interplay of abiotic (e.g., climate and dispersal barriers) and biotic (e.g., competition) influences. The niche of a species is rarely static through time and the inevitable changes can result in a variety of outcomes, including further adaptation, speciation and extinction. Although it has historically been difficult to reconstruct the ecological niches of fossil taxa, recently developed paleoecological techniques, mean that it is now possible to test hypotheses about the role of ecology might have played in the separate evolutionary histories of two important early hominin lineages.Determining how our early human ancestors interacted with their environments is fundamental for understanding human evolutionary history. The fossil record suggests that our genus, Homo, originated in eastern Africa around 2.4 million years ago (Ma), and shared the environment with a closely related species called Paranthropus boisei. However, the record also suggests that by approximately 1.3 Ma, the Paranthropus lineage went extinct and Homo had expanded its geographical range outside of Africa. Although these lineages coexisted in time, we lack a logical framework for testing hypotheses related to their ecology during this period. This dissertation project by doctoral student David Patterson (under the supervision of Dr. René Bobe, The George Washington University) will contribute to addressing these gaps in our knowledge by using novel methods to generate the first high-resolution reconstruction of the ecological niches of these two lineages. This project combines quantitative methods from mammalian community ecology with stable isotope geochemistry to investigate the ecological niches of Homo and Paranthropus within a spatially constrained ancient ecosystem. The proposed study will use paleoecological data collected directly from localities where these hominin fossils occur, and from archaeological sites dated to between approximately 2.0 and 1.4 Ma in the Koobi Fora Formation of northern Kenya. By concentrating on specific fossil assemblages within the same region, this study will provide new insights into the ecological niches of these two lineages. The impact of this research will be amplified via the Co-PI's involvement with the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems (ETE) program at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) and with the Koobi Fora Field School (KFFS). As part of ETE, the Co-PI will disseminate project results to educators through lectures at sponsored workshops and via the NMNH Q?rius Science Center. Additionally, the Co-PI will create a series of field- and laboratory-based entries for the Paleobiology Department's blogspace. The Co-PI will also participate in "The Scientist is in" program, which will give the public the opportunity to ask researchers about their research, as well as about other topics associated with human origins. Lastly, the Co-PI's fieldwork will be completed in conjunction with the KFFS. This collaborative effort between the National Museums of Kenya and GWU provides students from several countries, including Kenya, Ethiopia, South Africa, and the United States with hands-on field experience in paleoanthropology.
全面了解一个物种的进化历史包括确定驱动其适应的生态因素。所有物种都占有一个特定的生态位,其宽度由非生物(例如,气候和扩散障碍)和生物(例如,竞争)的影响。一个物种的生态位很少会随着时间的推移而静止不动,不可避免的变化会导致各种结果,包括进一步的适应、物种形成和灭绝。虽然从历史上重建化石分类群的生态位一直很困难,但最近发展起来的古生态学技术意味着,现在有可能测试关于生态学在两个重要的早期人类谱系的独立进化历史中所扮演的角色的假设。确定我们的早期人类祖先如何与他们的环境相互作用是理解人类进化历史的基础。化石记录表明,我们的属,人,起源于大约240万年前的非洲东部,并与一个密切相关的物种Paranthropus boisei共享环境。然而,记录也表明,大约在1.3 Ma,傍人谱系灭绝,人属已经将其地理范围扩大到非洲以外。虽然这些谱系在时间上共存,但我们缺乏一个逻辑框架来检验与这一时期生态相关的假设。博士生大卫帕特森(在乔治华盛顿大学的René Bobe博士的监督下)的这篇论文项目将有助于通过使用新方法来解决我们知识中的这些差距,以产生这两个谱系的生态位的第一个高分辨率重建。本计画结合哺乳动物群落生态学的定量方法与稳定同位素地球化学,探讨人类与傍人在空间受限的古代生态系统中的生态位。拟议的研究将使用直接从这些人类化石发生的地方收集的古生态数据,以及从肯尼亚北方Koobi Fora地层中约2.0至1.4 Ma的考古遗址收集的数据。通过集中在同一地区的特定化石组合,这项研究将提供新的见解,这两个谱系的生态位。这项研究的影响将通过共同主要研究者参与国家自然历史博物馆(NMNH)的陆地生态系统演变(埃特)计划和Koobi Fora野外学校(KFFS)来扩大。作为埃特的一部分,联合PI将通过赞助研讨会的讲座和通过NMNH Q?rius科学中心。此外,合作PI将创建一系列的领域和实验室为基础的条目古生物学系的博客空间。Co-PI还将参与“科学家参与”计划,该计划将使公众有机会向研究人员询问他们的研究以及与人类起源有关的其他主题。最后,共同PI的实地工作将与KFFS一起完成。肯尼亚国家博物馆和GWU之间的合作努力为来自肯尼亚,埃塞俄比亚,南非和美国等多个国家的学生提供了古人类学的实地实践经验。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Rene Bobe其他文献
African Paleoecology and Human Evolution
非洲古生态学和人类进化
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Sally C. Reynolds;Rene Bobe - 通讯作者:
Rene Bobe
京都文化博物館の取組:重要文化財 旧日本銀行京都支店の保存と活用
京都文化博物馆的举措:重要文化财产旧日本银行京都分行的保存和利用
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Sally C. Reynolds;Rene Bobe;村野正景 - 通讯作者:
村野正景
Rene Bobe的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Rene Bobe', 18)}}的其他基金
An Ecosystem approach to Hominin Environments in the East African plio-Pleistocene
东非上古-更新世古人类环境的生态系统方法
- 批准号:
0137235 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
相似海外基金
Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant: Biobanking, Epistemic Infrastructure, and the Lifecycle of Genomic Data
博士论文研究改进补助金:生物样本库、认知基础设施和基因组数据的生命周期
- 批准号:
2341622 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant: Early Botany and Indigenous Plant-Related Knowledge
博士论文研究改进补助金:早期植物学和本土植物相关知识
- 批准号:
2341907 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Establishment of Long Term Group Interaction Relationships
博士论文改进补助金:建立长期小组互动关系
- 批准号:
2313480 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Effect of Environment Change in Settlement Occupation and Abandonment
博士论文改进奖:环境变化对定居点占用和废弃的影响
- 批准号:
2313567 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award. The role of Hillforts in Integrating Settlement and Mobility
博士论文改进奖。
- 批准号:
2321462 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Phytolith Analysis in Determination of Environmental Change
博士论文改进奖:植硅体分析测定环境变化
- 批准号:
2324863 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Investigation of Archaeological Communities of Practice
博士论文改进奖:考古实践社区调查
- 批准号:
2225897 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Diet and Foodways among Urban Populations
博士论文改进奖:城市人口的饮食和饮食方式
- 批准号:
2328448 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Ecological Context of Modern Human Adaptability
博士论文改进奖:现代人类适应性的生态背景
- 批准号:
2326691 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Migration and Social Organization in Times of Culture Change
博士论文改进奖:文化变迁时期的移民与社会组织
- 批准号:
2333581 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2.12万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant