The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean (ORCAS) Study

O2/N2 比率和 CO2 机载南大洋 (ORCAS) 研究

• 批准号: 1424387
• 负责人: Britton Stephens
• 金额: $ 1.84万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1424387&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: O2; N2; Ratio; CO2; Airborne

The Southern Ocean currently absorbs a significant amount of the atmospheric burden of human produced CO2 emitted into the atmosphere, but the future trajectory of this sink is highly uncertain. Sparse observations and complex interacting physical and biological processes limit our understanding of biogeochemistry and climate feedbacks at high southern latitudes. The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean (ORCAS) Study will advance our understanding of the physical and biological controls on tropospheric air-sea exchange of O2 and CO2 over the Southern Ocean. This will be achieved through intensive airborne surveys of atmospheric O2, CO2, related gases, along with ocean surface properties over selected biogeochemical sites over the South Pacific and the Antarctic Peninsula. ORCAS will utilize the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V (GV) aircraft with a suite of high precision in situ and remote sensing instruments, and whole-air samplers on 14 flights over an interval of 6 weeks in austral mid-summer. The primary objectives are to observe the large scale tropospheric distributions of O2 and CO2, to characterize regional scale relationships between vertical O2 and CO2 gradients, and to estimate local scale O2 fluxes via Lagrangian boundary layer budgeting with coincident bio-optical remote sensing of the ocean surface.

南大洋目前吸收了大量人类排放到大气中的二氧化碳，但这一汇的未来轨迹非常不确定。稀疏的观测和复杂的相互作用的物理和生物过程限制了我们对南半球高纬度地区地球化学和气候反馈的理解。O2/N2比值和CO2气载南大洋（ORCAS）研究将促进我们对南大洋上空对流层海气交换O2和CO2的物理和生物控制的理解。这将通过对大气中的O2、CO2、相关气体沿着南太平洋和南极半岛上选定的地球化学地点的海洋表面特性进行密集的空中调查来实现。ORCAS将利用NSF/NCAR Gulfstream V（GV）飞机，配备一套高精度原位和遥感仪器以及全空气采样器，在仲夏期间每隔6周进行14次飞行。主要目标是观察大尺度对流层O2和CO2的分布，表征区域尺度垂直O2和CO2梯度之间的关系，并估计局部尺度O2通量通过拉格朗日边界层预算与一致的生物光学遥感的海洋表面。