Collaborative Research: The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean (ORCAS) Study

合作研究：O2/N2 比率和二氧化碳机载南大洋 (ORCAS) 研究

• 批准号: 1502301
• 负责人: Ralph Keeling
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-15 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502301&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; O2; N2; Ratio

The Southern Ocean plays a dominant role in the oceanic uptake of excess (anthropogenic) carbon, yet the extent of this air-sea exchange process is poorly represented by earth system models, and its future projection remains highly uncertain. The O2/N2 Ratio and CO2 Airborne Southern Ocean Study (ORCAS) seeks to advance understanding of the physical and biological controls on air-sea exchange and uptake of O2 and CO2 in the vast Southern Ocean. This will be investigated through intensive airborne surveys of atmospheric O2, CO2, related gases, their state of equilibrium, along with other ocean surface properties over diverse biogeochemical regions adjacent to the southern tip of South America and the Western Antarctic Peninsula. ORCAS will utilize the NSF Gulfstream V (GV) aircraft equipped with a suite of high-precision in situ and remote sensing instruments, on 14 flights over a period of 6 weeks in austral mid-summer, from Punta Arenas, Chile, out over the Drake Passage, and with concurrent overflights of the ARSV LM Gould sampling the Palmer LTER site. ORCAS observations will be guided by, and used to test a suite of ocean biogeochemistry models to improve our understanding of key processes and feedbacks in this under sampled yet climatically important region of the world.

南大洋在海洋吸收过量（人为）碳方面起着主导作用，但地球系统模型对这种海气交换过程的程度描述不足，其未来预测仍然高度不确定。O2/N2比率和CO2气载南大洋研究（ORCAS）旨在促进对广阔南大洋海气交换和O2和CO2吸收的物理和生物控制的理解。这将通过密集的空中调查大气中的O2，CO2，相关气体，其平衡状态，沿着其他海洋表面特性在不同的海洋地球化学区域毗邻南美洲南端和南极半岛西部。ORCAS将利用配备一套高精度现场和遥感仪器的NSF Gulfstream V（GV）飞机，从智利的蓬塔阿雷纳斯起飞，飞越德雷克海峡，在仲夏的6周内进行14次飞行，同时与ARSV LM Gould飞机飞越帕尔默LTER站点进行采样。ORCAS观测将被指导，并用于测试一套海洋地球化学模型，以提高我们对这个采样不足但气候重要的世界地区的关键过程和反馈的理解。