MRI: Development of a Solar Photometric Instrument: Cartesian Full Disk Telescope-3 (SOPHI - CFDT3)

MRI：太阳光度测量仪器的开发：笛卡尔全盘望远镜 3 (SOPHI - CFDT3)

• 批准号: 1429757
• 负责人: Gary Chapman
• 金额: $ 49.39万
• 依托单位: The University Corporation, Northridge
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1429757&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Solar; Photometric; Instrument

The main thrust of this 3-year MRI project is to develop a second-generation of photometry program at the San Fernando Observatory (SFO) that is built upon the strong foundation laid by the original program. This would yield photometric studies of the Sun, which is a powerful tool for modeling and understanding solar variability. The current solar cycle 24 demonstrates that solar variability is still unpredictable, and therefore requires continued measurement. While absolute solar radiative flux is measured from space, solar images from ground-based telescopes are used to decipher information about the photospheric and chromospheric sources of variability. The SFO and California State University at Northridge (CSUN) are well suited to continue to carry out long term photometric observations, while keeping costs low and employing undergraduate and graduate students, as well interested faculty. The resulting data product will be a uniform photometric record of daily solar images in multiple wavelengths, eventually at least 50 years long, which will yield information needed to study active region contributions to solar irradiance across two or more Hale magnetic cycles. The models to be developed with the new CFDT3 data will be used to: (1) provide support for space-based irradiance monitors; (2) characterize past and future variations in the amount of solar power reaching Earth; and, (3) gain deeper understanding of the physical sources of the Sun?s irradiance changes. The SFO/CFDT photometry program records full-disk solar images at multiple wavelengths on all sunny days (about 65% of the year), and maintains an archive of metadata describing solar variability.The broader impact of the SFO?s photometry program is four-fold: (1) maintain a fundamental scientific data set; (2) support space-based solar irradiance monitors; (3) generate secondary data of interest to the larger scientific community; and, (4) fulfill an educational mission. Using the new data from CFDT3, the project team will reconstruct changes in the Sun?s total and spectral radiative output. These reconstructions are a valuable tool for the solar irradiance research community: not only do they provide scientific information, but they also allow the identification of discontinuities in the space-based irradiance record that can help bridge gaps between spacecraft missions. The analyses of solar variability are applicable to the study of other Sun-like stars. A major impact is educating undergraduate and graduate students in observational solar physics. California State University at Northridge is designated as an Hispanic Serving Institution and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution. Its pool of students reflects the ethnic diversity of its geographic area. CFDT3 is a hands-on instrument that will entice and encourage students to explore and consider Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers. Its accessibility allows for its integration into CSUN?s Physics and Astronomy curriculum at both graduate and undergraduate levels. Public outreach efforts through CSUN planetarium presentations expose the ethnically diverse population of the San Fernando Valley to the possibilities of scientific research.

这个为期 3 年的 MRI 项目的主要目标是在圣费尔南多天文台 (SFO) 开发第二代光度测定程序，该程序建立在原始程序奠定的坚实基础上。 这将产生对太阳的光度研究，这是建模和理解太阳变化的强大工具。 当前的太阳活动周期 24 表明太阳变化仍然不可预测，因此需要持续测量。 虽然绝对太阳辐射通量是从太空测量的，但来自地面望远镜的太阳图像用于破译有关光球层和色球层变化源的信息。 SFO 和加州州立大学北岭分校 (CSUN) 非常适合继续开展长期光度观测，同时保持低成本并雇用本科生和研究生以及感兴趣的教师。 由此产生的数据产品将是多个波长的每日太阳图像的统一光度记录，最终至少长达 50 年，这将产生研究活跃区域对两个或多个 Hale 磁周期的太阳辐照度贡献所需的信息。 利用新的CFDT3数据开发的模型将用于：（1）为天基辐照度监测仪提供支持； (2) 描述过去和未来到达地球的太阳能量的变化； (3) 更深入地了解太阳辐照度变化的物理来源。 SFO/CFDT 光度测定计划在所有晴天（一年中约 65%）以多个波长记录全盘太阳图像，并维护描述太阳变化的元数据档案。SFO 光度测定计划的更广泛影响有四重：(1) 维护基础科学数据集； (2) 支持天基太阳辐照度监测仪； (3) 生成更广泛的科学界感兴趣的二手数据； (4) 履行教育使命。 利用 CFDT3 的新数据，项目团队将重建太阳总辐射输出和光谱辐射输出的变化。 这些重建对于太阳辐照度研究界来说是一个有价值的工具：它们不仅提供科学信息，而且还可以识别天基辐照度记录中的不连续性，从而有助于弥合航天器任务之间的差距。 太阳变率的分析适用于其他类太阳恒星的研究。 一个主要影响是对本科生和研究生进行观测太阳物理学教育。 加州州立大学北岭分校被指定为西班牙裔服务机构和亚裔美国原住民太平洋岛民服务机构。 其学生群体反映了其地理区域的种族多样性。 CFDT3 是一款实用工具，将吸引和鼓励学生探索和考虑科学、技术、工程和数学 (STEM) 职业。 它的可访问性使其能够集成到 CSUN 的研究生和本科生物理和天文学课程中。 通过 CSUN 天文馆演示的公共宣传活动让圣费尔南多谷的不同种族人口接触到科学研究的可能性。