Collaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial Supply

原标题：合作研究：通过风成和河流供给的通量和来源重建东亚季风和西风急流在多个时间尺度上的相互作用修订标题基于风供给的灰尘和河流输入大陆边缘沉积物重建东亚季风和西风急流在多个时间尺度上的相互作用非技术摘要这项研究将建立东亚气候变率的可靠新记录，它决定了世界上20%以上人口的降水季节性和强度。该提案旨在确定西风急流的平均状态和变化及其与东亚季风的关系，在过去300万年的关键间隔期间，跨越广泛的背景气候。 这将产生一个迄今尚未实现的了解气候敏感性和行为在这个全球关键地区。研究人员将通过研究日本海/东海和东海几个关键海洋位置的化学和同位素组成，检查风吹尘埃和河流物质的输入。 陆源物质主要通过风输送到日本海/东海，反映西风急流的行为，通过长江输送到东海，反映中国内陆的降水强度和分布。 跟踪这些输入的变化可以用来推断亚洲的大气和降水制度。 该项目涉及气候敏感性和气候系统的一个关键部分的行为，与社会高度相关。除了整合三个参与机构的努力外，该提案还建立在与其他科学家合作开发区域气候补充记录的基础上，包括反映东亚夏季风强度的多项研究。 这项拟议中的研究涉及40%的探险队的美国科学党，汇集了大量的国家和国际合作者，利用其他资金资源（美国和国际），并直接有助于在所有三个机构的本科和研究生教育和超越。技术摘要本建议旨在建立东亚气候变率的强大的新记录千年至百万年，通过对日本海/东海和中国东海陆源物质来源和通量的化学和同位素示踪研究， 陆源物质主要通过风输送到日本海/东海，反映西风急流的活动，通过长江输送到东海，反映中国内陆的降水强度和分布。该提案旨在确定西风急流的平均状态和变化及其与东亚季风的耦合，特别关注上新世-更新世边界，中更新世过渡期和最后~450 ka，并将产生迄今为止尚未实现的对这一全球关键地区气候敏感性和行为的理解。新收集的沉积物芯从IODP远征346（亚洲季风）提供了一个独特的机会，以产生连续的记录与千年尺度的分辨率跨越数百万年。研究人员将使用XRF岩心扫描提供高分辨率、连续的记录，并在特定的时间间隔内进行元素和同位素分析，以详细了解风成和河流沉积物来源的变化。 将XRF扫描记录与定量化学和同位素示踪剂相结合是非常罕见的。 拟议的研究采用了新开发的分析和统计方法，以确定沉积物中分散的火山灰，这将确保陆源（侵蚀）信号不与火山信号相结合。 该项目解决气候敏感性和行为在关键的时间间隔高度相关的理解全球气候系统学。东亚季风决定了世界上20%以上人口的降水季节性和强度。 该研究直接解决了IODP Expedition 346的目标，涉及40%的探险队的美国科学团队，涉及大量的国家和国际合作者，利用其他资金资源（美国和国际），并直接有助于所有三个机构的本科和研究生教育。

Original TitleCollaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial SupplyRevised TitleReconstructing interactions between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at multiple timescales based on wind-supplied dust and fluvial inputs to continental margin sedimentsNon-Technical AbstractThis research will build robust new records of East Asian climate variability, which determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The proposal seeks to determine the average state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its relationship to the East Asian Monsoon during key intervals of the last 3 million years spanning a wide range of background climates. This will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. The researchers will examine the input of wind-blown dust and riverine material by studying their chemical and isotopic composition at several key marine locations in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Land-derived material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. Tracing changes in these inputs can be used to make inferences about the atmospheric and precipitation regimes of Asia. This project addresses the climate sensitivity and behavior of a critical part of the climate system that is of high relevance to society. In addition to integrating efforts at three participating institutions, this proposal builds on collaborations with other scientists developing complementary records of regional climate, including multiple studies reflecting East Asian summer monsoon strength. The proposed research involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, brings together a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.Technical AbstractThis proposal seeks to build robust new records of East Asian climate variability on millennial to million-year timescales through examination of chemical and isotopic tracers of terrigenous provenance and flux in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Terrigenous material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. The proposal aims to determine the mean state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its coupling with the East Asian Monsoon, with a particular focus on the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, and the last ~450 ka, and will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. Newly collected sediment cores from IODP Expedition 346 (Asian Monsoon) offer a unique opportunity to produce continuous records with millennial-scale resolution spanning millions of years. The researchers will use XRF core scanning to provide high-resolution, continuous records, and perform elemental and isotopic analyses in specific time intervals to provide detailed insights into changes in eolian and fluvial sediment sources. Integrating XRF scanning records with quantitative chemical and isotopic tracers is surprisingly uncommon. The proposed research incorporates newly developed analytical and statistical methods for identifying dispersed volcanic ash in the sediment, which will ensure that the terrigenous (erosional) signal is not combined with a volcanic signal. This project addresses climate sensitivity and behavior in key time intervals of high relevance to understanding global climate systematics. The East Asian Monsoon determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The research directly addresses objectives of IODP Expedition 346, involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, involves a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.