Doctoral Dissertation Research: Immigration and Social Attitudes

托马斯·希门尼斯阿里拉·沙赫特斯坦福大学移民正在戏剧性地改变美国？种族化妆。根据人口普查局的估计，到2043年，美国将成为一个少数族裔占多数的国家，拉美裔已经超过黑人，成为最大的非白人群体。移民也增加了种族群体的多样性：在美国，大约三分之一的拉丁裔、三分之二的亚裔和十分之一的黑人是在外国出生的。现有的学术研究要么关注移民身份，要么关注种族群体的地位，而不是他们之间的互动，忽视了当今多样性的现实。这篇论文通过直接比较白人、黑人和拉丁裔美国人对不同种族和移民群体的态度，来探索他们如何理解这种日益增长的多样性。该项目将通过将关于移民同化和种族政治的理论和经验工作结合起来，推动社会学和更广泛的社会科学领域的发展。它还将为有关美国移民政策的争议性辩论带来亟需的数据。此外，虽然动员黑人和拉丁裔公民的努力一直在增加，但缺乏关于少数群体政治态度的信息，这是导致他们在美国政治中代表性不足的原因之一。通过特别关注黑人和拉美裔美国人的态度，该项目将提供能够反映两个社区关键问题的数据，包括少数族裔之间的关系和对移民政策的态度。该项目试图回答以下问题：美国人对本土出生的拉美裔、黑人和亚洲人的看法与在外国出生的拉美人、黑人和亚洲人不同吗？不同群体的观点如何影响政治行为？我们自己的种族和民族认同是如何影响人们对日益多样化的看法的？为了回答这些问题，该项目使用了一项旨在捕捉美国人的原始调查实验？关于12个不同种族和移民群体的刻板印象。实验设计依靠随机化来进行跨组比较，从而将社会期望偏差降至最低。通过将这项实验嵌入一系列互联网调查中--既有全国代表性的调查，也有针对黑人和拉丁裔美国人的调查--该项目能够捕捉到数千名美国人的不同群体的态度。这项研究将通过开发更新的测量方法来更好地解释种族群体内日益增长的异质性，从而为种族态度的学术做出贡献。它还将通过评估土生土长的白人、黑人和拉丁裔美国人在多大程度上认识到移民和土生土长的美国人之间的差异，为移民同化研究做出贡献，这是同化文献中一个核心但基本上未经检验的主张。

SES- 1434303Tomas JimenezAriela SchachterStanford UniversityImmigration is dramatically changing the United States? racial makeup. According to Census estimates, the U.S will be a majority-minority nation by 2043, and Latinos are already the largest non-White group, surpassing Blacks. Immigration is also increasing diversity within racial groups: about one-third of Latinos, two-thirds of Asians, and one-tenth of Blacks in the United States are foreign-born. Existing scholarship focuses on either the status of immigrants or the status of racial groups, but not the interaction between them, ignoring the reality of today's diversity. The dissertation explores how White, Black, and Latino Americans understand this growing diversity by directly comparing their attitudes about different racial and immigrant groups. The project will advance the field of sociology and the broader social sciences by uniting theoretical and empirical work on immigrant assimilation and racial politics. It will also bring much needed data to the contentious and often acrimonious debate about American immigration policies. Additionally, while efforts to mobilize Black and Latino citizens have been increasing, there is a lack of information about the political attitudes of minorities, which contributes to their under-representation in American politics. By particularly focusing on the attitudes of Black and Latino Americans, the project will offer data that can speak to key issues for both communities, including inter-minority relations and attitudes about immigration policy.The project seeks to answer the following questions: Do Americans view native-born Latinos, Blacks, and Asians differently than foreign-born Latinos, Blacks and Asians? How do views about different groups influence political behavior? And how are views about increasing diversity shaped by our own racial and ethnic identities? To answer these questions, the project uses an original survey experiment designed to capture Americans? stereotypes about twelve different racial and immigrant groups. The experimental design minimizes social desirability bias by relying on randomization to make comparisons across groups. By embedding the experiment in a series of internet surveys?both nationally-representative and surveys targeting Black and Latino Americans?the project is able to capture the attitudes of a diverse group of several thousand Americans. This study will contribute to scholarship on racial attitudes by developing updated measures that can better account for the growing heterogeneity within racial groups. It will also contribute to scholarship on immigrant assimilation by evaluating the extent to which native-born White, Black, and Latino Americans recognize differences between immigrants and the native-born, a central but largely untested claim in the assimilation literature.