Collaborative Research: Facility Support: Center for Transformative Environmental Monitoring Programs (CTEMPs)

1440506塞尔克这笔赠款为俄勒冈州州立大学（PI：塞尔克）和内华达州里诺大学（PI：泰勒）之间的合作努力提供运营设施支持，以允许在未来四年内继续运营转型环境监测计划中心（CTEMPs）。 CTEMPs为规划，培训，设备贷款和现场实施提供社区支持，使用分布式光纤拉曼后向散射分布式温度传感（Raman），以允许对地球科学和环境应用的温度空间和时间分布进行前所未有的观察，包括但不限于雪，地下水和流域水文学，水生和陆地生态学，岩溶地质学，土壤科学（包括永久冻土研究）、物理湖沼学和海洋学、微气象学和冰川学。 高分辨率遥感系统允许高空间（= 0.25米）和高精度（0.1 - 0.3摄氏度）的观测河底，湖泊，或河口底部，积雪，土壤层或大气温度超过长度尺度从0.25？2500米在高时间频率（1Hz）下。 当每小时采样观测时，温度精度可达到+/ 0.01 ℃。 当放置在溪流或河流中时，光纤传感器可以观察每个地下水流入的位置，温度和流量，计算精确的热预算以确定潜流交换，并观察对成功招募仔鱼至关重要的微热栖息地。 火灾探测系统最初是为石油和电力传输行业以及高层建筑的火灾探测而开发的。 这笔赠款将用于：1）利用最近扩大的遥感仪器库，继续向地球科学界提供高分辨率温度传感设备; 2）开发和促进使用主动加热光纤传感来测量土壤水分和流体通量，以及3）将快速出现的，但在逻辑上具有挑战性的，无人机系统（UAS）技术应用于水文和地表监测。 CTEMPs设施将通过其作为CUAHSI水文测量设施（HMF）节点的正式指定以及与CUAHSI的正式协议提供实践培训和知识传播，以促进每年两次实践研讨会以及在OSU和UNR校园的培训。 对K-8的宣传也将在T.L.进行测试。里诺的威尔斯发现博物馆，通过将水融入互动式河流展示。*

1440506SelkerThis grant provides operational facility support for a collaborative effort between Oregon State University (PI: Selker) and the University of Nevada Reno (PI: Tyler) to allow for continued operations over the next four year of the Center for Transformative Environmental Monitoring Programs (CTEMPs). CTEMPs offers community support for planning, training, equipment loan and field implementation using distributed fiber optic Raman backscatter Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) to allow for unprecedented observation of the spatial and temporal distribution of temperature for geoscience and environmental applications including but not limited to, snow, groundwater and watershed hydrology, aquatic and terrestrial ecology, karst geology, soil science (including permafrost studies), physical limnology and oceanography, micrometeorology and glaciology. High resolution DTS systems allow for high spatial (= 0.25 m) and high accuracy (within 0.1 - 0.3 deg C) observations of river bottom, lake, or estuary bottom, snow pack, soil horizon or atmospheric temperatures over length scales from 0.25 ? 2500 m. at high temporal frequency (1 Hz). Temperature precision of +/ 0.01 deg C can be achieved when observation are sampled hourly. When placed in a stream or river, fiber optic DTS allows for observation of the location, temperature, and flux of each groundwater inflow, calculation of an exact heat budget to determine hyporheic exchange, and observation of micro-thermal habitats critical to successful larval fish recruitment. DTS systems were originally developed for applications in the oil and electrical power transmission industries and for fire detection in high rise buildings. Support under this grant will allow for: 1) continued provision of high resolution temperature sensing equipment to the geosciences community using a recently expanded DTS instrument pool; 2) develop and promote the use of actively heated optical fiber sensing for the measurement of soil moisture and fluid flux, and 3) to incorporate the rapidly emerging, but logistically challenging, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) technology to hydrologic and earth surface monitoring. The CTEMPs facility will offer hands-on training and knowledge dissemination, through its formal designation as a CUAHSI Hydrologic Measurement Facility (HMF) Node and formal agreements with CUAHSI to promote two hands-on workshops per year as well as training on both the OSU and UNR campuses. Outreach to K-8 will also be tested at the T.L. Wells Discovery Museum in Reno through incorporation of DTS in an interactive river display.***