SaTC: STARSS: FAME: Fault-attack Awareness using Microprocessor Enhancements

SaTC：STARSS：FAME：使用微处理器增强功能的故障攻击意识

• 批准号: 1441710
• 负责人: Patrick Schaumont
• 金额: $ 30.7万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-10-01 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1441710&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; STARSS; FAME; Fault; attack

With the tremendous growth of sensitive and security-critical processing on embedded and pervasive platforms, the threat model for secure electronics is expanding from software into hardware. A wide range of fault attacks, based on physical manipulation of the electronics operating environment, is now available to the adversary.The major outcome of this project is FAME, a collection of hardware techniques for microprocessor architectures to detect these fault injection attacks, and to mitigate fault analysis through an appropriate response in software. The FAME processor is developed both as an architecture concept as well as a chip prototype.The FAME processor uses fault countermeasures that combine fault detection in microprocessor hardware with fault response in the software application. The fault detection in hardware uses static (design-time) and dynamic (runtime) techniques for in-situ fault detection. These fault-detecting hardware extensions are optimized for power and cost, and they can be enabled from the software application. This flexibility allows FAME to support non-critical applications at full microprocessor performance, while still offering full fault countermeasures for security-critical applications. The FAME processor chip demonstrates these techniques, as well as novel forms of fault analysis that are investigated in tandem with the development of FAME.The impacts of this project are safer, more trustworthy microprocessors that are aware of their physical environment and the threats it poses to their internal processing. Such microprocessors offer the basis for cyber-security applications that can handle both logical as well as physical threats.

随着嵌入式和普适平台上敏感和安全关键处理的巨大增长，安全电子产品的威胁模型正在从软件扩展到硬件。一个广泛的故障攻击，基于物理操纵的电子操作环境，现在是可利用的advertisement.The主要成果是FAME，收集的硬件技术的微处理器体系结构，以检测这些故障注入攻击，并减轻故障分析，通过适当的软件响应。FAME处理器是作为一个体系结构概念和一个芯片原型开发的，FAME处理器使用故障对策，将微处理器硬件中的故障检测与软件应用中的故障响应相结合。硬件中的故障检测使用静态（设计时）和动态（运行时）技术进行原位故障检测。这些故障检测硬件扩展针对功耗和成本进行了优化，并且可以从软件应用程序启用。这种灵活性使FAME能够以完整的微处理器性能支持非关键应用，同时仍然为安全关键应用提供完整的故障对策。FAME处理器芯片展示了这些技术，以及与FAME开发同步研究的新型故障分析形式。该项目的影响是更安全，更值得信赖的微处理器，能够了解其物理环境及其对内部处理的威胁。这种微处理器为网络安全应用提供了基础，可以处理逻辑和物理威胁。