Collaborative Research: Permian and Triassic Icehouse to Greenhouse Paleoenvironments and Paleobotany in the Shackleton Glacier Area, Antarctica

合作研究：南极洲沙克尔顿冰川地区的二叠纪和三叠纪冰室到温室古环境和古植物学

• 批准号: 1443557
• 负责人: John Isbell
• 金额: $ 38.04万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1443557&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Permian; Triassic; Icehouse

The focus of this collaborative project is to collect fossil plants, wood, and sedimentary and chemical information from rocks in the Shackleton Glacier (SHK) area of Antarctica. This information will be used to reconstruct plant life and environments during the Permian and Triassic (~295-205 million years ago) in Antarctica. This time interval is important to study as Antarctica experienced a large glaciation in the Permian followed by deglaciation and recovery of plant and animal life, only to be subjected to the largest extinction in Earth history at the end of the Permian. After the extinction events, the climate in Antarctica continued to warm extensively and there were forests growing close to the paleo-South Pole. These ancient environments provide a natural laboratory in which to study the effects of climate change on plant life. The results of this project will advance the field in the areas of changing sedimentary patterns during global cooling and warming, as well as plant evolution during times following glaciation and during global warmth. This project will study the extent of the Gondwana glaciation in the SHK area, the invasion and subsequent flourishing of life following glacial retreat, and the eventual recovery of plant life after Late Permian extinction events. Only in Antarctica does a complete polar-to-near-polar succession occur across this climatic and biologic transition. The SHK area is an important one as it is one of the few regions in the world where the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB) is exposed within terrestrial rocks. The field and lab work for this project is organized around three hypotheses that address fundamental issues in Earth history, including changes in the extent and diversity of flora during the Permian build up to the Late Paleozoic Ice Age, the possible diachronous nature of the PTB, and that poor fossil preservation during the Early Triassic has given a false impression that Antarctica was devoid of plants during this time. The hypotheses will be tested by integrating various types of paleobotanical approaches with detailed sedimentology, stratigraphy, and geochemistry. Compression floras and petrified wood will be collected (constrained by stratigraphy) both quantitatively and qualitatively in order to obtain biodiversity and abundance data, and as a data source for paleoecological analysis. Standard sedimentologic and stratigraphic analyses will be performed, as well as paleosol analyses, including mineralogic and major- and trace-element geochemistry. Collections will also be made for U-Pb zircon geochronology to better constrain geologic and biotic events through time. Results of the project will be incorporated into educational and outreach activities that are designed to include women and under-represented groups in the excitement of Antarctic earth sciences and paleontology, including workshops in Kansas and Wisconsin, as well as links to science classes during fieldwork.

该协作项目的重点是从南极洲沙克尔顿冰川（SHK）地区收集化石植物，木材和沉积和化学信息。该信息将用于在南极洲的二叠纪和三叠纪（约295-205亿年前）重建植物的生命和环境。这段时间间隔对于研究很重要，因为南极在二叠纪经历了巨大的冰川，然后进行了动植物生命的脱裂和恢复，只能在二叠纪结束时遭受地球历史上最大的灭绝。灭绝事件发生后，南极洲的气候继续广泛温暖，森林靠近古南杆。这些古老的环境提供了一种自然实验室，以研究气候变化对植物生命的影响。该项目的结果将在全球冷却和变暖期间变化的沉积模式以及在冰川后和全球温暖期间的植物进化方面发展领域。该项目将研究SHK地区冈瓦纳（Gondwana）冰川的程度，冰川静修后的入侵和后续生命以及后期二叠纪灭绝事件后植物生命的最终恢复。只有在南极洲，在这个气候和生物学转变中才会发生完全的极性矩形依次。 SHK区域是一个重要的区域，因为它是世界上少数几个二叠纪三叠纪边界（PTB）的地区之一。该项目的领域和实验室工作围绕三个假设组织，这些假设解决了地球历史上的基本问题，包括二叠纪期间植物群的程度和多样性的变化，直至古生代晚期的冰河时代，PTB的期间性质的可能性不足，以及早期三角中的较差的化石保存在早期的triassic中给出了一种伪造的植物。 这些假设将通过将各种类型的古植物方法与详细的沉积学，地层学和地球化学整合在一起来检验。 将在定量和定性上收集压缩植物和石化木材（受地层的约束），以获得生物多样性和丰富的数据，并作为古生态分析的数据源。将进行标准的沉积学和地层分析，以及包括矿物学和主要元素和痕量元素地球化学在内的古化学分析。还将为U-PB锆石地质学制作收集，以更好地限制随着时间的推移地质和生物事件的限制。该项目的结果将纳入教育和外展活动中，这些活动旨在在南极地球科学和古生物学的兴奋中包括妇女和代表性不足的群体，包括堪萨斯州和威斯康星州的讲习班，以及在田野工作期间与科学课程的联系。

项目成果

The late Paleozoic Ice Age along the southwestern margin of Gondwana: Facies models, age constraints, correlation and sequence stratigraphic framework

冈瓦纳西南缘晚古生代冰河期：相模型、年龄限制、对比和层序地层格架

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103056
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of South American Earth Sciences
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: López-Gamundí, Oscar;Limarino, Carlos O.;Isbell, John L.;Pauls, Kathryn;Césari, Silvia N.;Alonso-Muruaga, Pablo J.
• 通讯作者: Alonso-Muruaga, Pablo J.

Evaluation of physical and chemical proxies used to interpret past glaciations with a focus on the late Paleozoic Ice Age

• DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103756
• 发表时间: 2021-10
• 期刊: Earth-Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 12.1
• 作者: J. Isbell;F. Vesely;Eduardo L.M. Rosa;K. Pauls;Nicholas D. Fedorchuk;Libby R. W. Ives;Natalie Mcnall;Scott A. Litwin;M. K. Borucki;J. Malone;Allison R. Kusick

As geleiras carboníferas no sul do Brasil

巴西的碳粉

• DOI: 10.5380/geo.v78i0.78669
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Boletim Paranaense de Geociências
• 作者: Da Rosa, Eduardo;Vesely, Fernando;Isbell, John;Fedorchuk, Nicholas
• 通讯作者: Fedorchuk, Nicholas

A unique winged euthycarcinoid from the Permian of Antarctica

来自南极洲二叠纪的一种独特的有翅类癌

• DOI: 10.1017/jpa.2017.28
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Journal of Paleontology
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Collette, Joseph H.;Isbell, John L.;Miller, Molly F.
• 通讯作者: Miller, Molly F.

A paleoclimatic reconstruction of the Carboniferous-Permian paleovalley fill in the eastern Paganzo Basin: Insights into glacial extent and deglaciation of southwestern Gondwana

帕甘佐盆地东部石炭纪-二叠纪古谷充填物的古气候重建：对冈瓦纳西南部冰川范围和消融的见解

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102236
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of South American Earth Sciences
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Pauls, Kathryn N.;Isbell, John L.;McHenry, Lindsay;Limarino, C. Oscar;Moxness, Levi D.;Schencman, L. Jazmin
• 通讯作者: Schencman, L. Jazmin