US-Pacific Islands Planning Visits: Conceiving biocultural resilience with Pacific island communities: bridging disciplines, language, and culture

美国-太平洋岛屿规划访问：与太平洋岛屿社区构想生物文化复原力：弥合学科、语言和文化

• 批准号: 1444184
• 负责人: Eleanor Sterling
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: American Museum Natural History
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2018-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1444184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; Pacific; Islands; Planning; Visits

US-Pacific Islands planning visits: Conceiving biocultural resilience with Pacific Island communities: bridging disciplines, language, and culture This project is designed to bring together individuals and communities from the Pacific Islands that haven't worked together before. The principal investigator proposes a combination of virtual and in-person meetings between scientists and communities in the US (including Hawai'i), the Solomon Islands, French Polynesia, and France to understand how communities can be resilient to future change. One of the key values of this project is the opportunity it provides for participants to think creatively and work productively across major cultural divides. This project will support two early-career US scientists. At the local level, it will contribute to the development of resource management plans and capacity building in Pacific Island nations for decision making to manage community landscapes for sustainability. Ultimately, this project will contribute to linking short-term decision-making needs of communities and long-term investment of researchers in understanding integrated biological and cultural systems. This project aims to unite disparate research groups and local communities to better understand and manage Pacific Island system resilience in the face of pending large-scale disturbances such as climate change and increasing market pressures. This collaborative project is designed to bring together individuals and communities across three existing gaps: those between cultural and geographic boundaries in the Pacific, biological and social scientists, and scientists and local communities. This project plans to develop "biocultural resilience indicators" that are academically rigorous while also feasible to implement for decision making by communities faced with imminent social, economic, and ecological disturbances. Resilience is defined as the capacity of a system or set of communities (biological, social, cultural, biocultural) to absorb, resist, or recover from stress, and adapt to change while maintaining valued functions and benefits. The term "biocultural" is used to emphasize building on and moving beyond social-ecological theoretical explorations towards applied collaborations with communities. The principal investigator proposes to hold a combination of virtual and in-person meetings between scientists and communities in the US (including Hawai'i), the Solomon Islands, French Polynesia, and France. One of the key values of this project is the opportunity it provides for participants to think creatively and work productively across major cultural divides. Comparative research across the Pacific Islands is largely lacking but can be critical to gaining a better understanding of resilience in these coupled social-ecological systems. There is a growing need for projects that recognize and work in step with the increased fluidity and cross-fertilization of ideas across the breadth of the Pacific. Testing the interaction among biocultural indicators and major pressures to understand impacts on human and ecological well-being requires comparison across different biocultural units. While there is incredible diversity across Pacific social-ecological systems, Pacific communities predominately share large-scale pressures such as oceanic fishing, demographic growth, and climate change. Common indicators across these communities will help to illuminate the patterns and relationships between changing pressures, biocultural states, and socio-ecological benefits, such as ensured food security and effective adaptation to climate change.

美国-太平洋岛屿计划访问：构思与太平洋岛屿社区的生物文化复原力：架起学科、语言和文化的桥梁这个项目旨在将太平洋岛屿以前从未合作过的个人和社区聚集在一起。首席研究员建议在美国(包括夏威夷)、所罗门群岛、法属波利尼西亚和法国的科学家和社区之间进行虚拟和面对面的会议，以了解社区如何能够适应未来的变化。这个项目的主要价值之一是它为参与者提供了跨越主要文化差异进行创造性思维和富有成效的工作的机会。该项目将支持两名职业生涯早期的美国科学家。在地方一级，它将促进太平洋岛国资源管理计划的制定和能力建设，以便作出决策，管理社区景观以实现可持续性。最终，该项目将有助于将社区的短期决策需求与研究人员在了解综合生物和文化系统方面的长期投资联系起来。该项目旨在联合不同的研究小组和当地社区，以更好地了解和管理太平洋岛屿系统在面临气候变化和不断增加的市场压力等悬而未决的大规模骚乱时的复原力。这一合作项目旨在将跨越三个现有鸿沟的个人和社区聚集在一起：太平洋地区文化和地理边界之间的鸿沟，生物和社会科学家，以及科学家和当地社区。该项目计划开发“生物文化复原力指标”，这些指标在学术上严谨，但在面临迫在眉睫的社会、经济和生态干扰的社区决策时也是可行的。复原力被定义为一个或一组社区(生物、社会、文化、生物文化)在保持有价值的功能和利益的同时，吸收、抵抗或恢复压力并适应变化的能力。“生物文化”一词用来强调建立在社会生态理论探索的基础上并超越社会生态理论探索，转向与社区的应用合作。首席研究人员建议在美国(包括夏威夷)、所罗门群岛、法属波利尼西亚和法国的科学家和社区之间举行虚拟和面对面的会议。这个项目的主要价值之一是它为参与者提供了跨越主要文化差异进行创造性思维和富有成效的工作的机会。整个太平洋岛屿的比较研究在很大程度上是缺乏的，但对于更好地了解这些相互耦合的社会-生态系统的复原力可能是至关重要的。人们越来越需要这样的项目，这些项目认识到太平洋广大地区思想的流动性和交流日益增多，并与之同步工作。测试生物文化指标与主要压力之间的相互作用，以了解对人类和生态福祉的影响，需要对不同的生物文化单位进行比较。虽然整个太平洋社会生态系统存在着令人难以置信的多样性，但太平洋社区主要分担着诸如海洋捕鱼、人口增长和气候变化等大规模压力。这些社区的共同指标将有助于阐明变化的压力、生物文化状况和社会生态效益之间的模式和关系，如确保粮食安全和有效适应气候变化。