Role of Mesoscale Convective Systems in Determining the Diurnal Cycle of Precipitation over Sub-Saharan Northern Africa

中尺度对流系统在确定撒哈拉以南非洲北部降水日循环中的作用

• 批准号: 1444505
• 负责人: Edward Vizy
• 金额: $ 59.74万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-15 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1444505&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Mesoscale; Convective; Systems; Determining

AbstractThis research seeks to improve our understanding of the relationship between Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) and the diurnal cycle of warm season rainfall over sub-Saharan Northern Africa. The study specifically addresses the observed warm season spatial and temporal distribution of MCSs; as well as how the development, propagation and lifetimes of these systems are influenced by local and regional environmental factors. This study combines observational analysis with high-resolution mesoscale modeling to advance our understanding of the development of warm season MCSs and their relationship to the daily cycle of precipitation. Intellectual MeritThis study will add to our understanding of rainfall variability, physical mechanisms and the processes associated with these temporal and spatial differences. The statistics and other metrics that will be developed will have the potential to impact present and/or future development of weather model parameterization schemes. The results will be of importance to rainfall forecasting, which will have implication for communities in the region. The use of convective-permitting high space-time resolution weather model simulations, with typical parameterization schemes turned off, will allow the explicit calculation of the dynamics needed to generate convection. Broader ImpactsImproving empirical and theoretical knowledge of the factors controlling precipitation in sub-Saharan North Africa will allow those living in the area to better anticipate and prepare for periods of both drought and extreme rainfall events. Efforts to accurately reproduce observations with high-resolution weather models will provide guidance on the most appropriate model settings for short-term predictions of the development of large thunderstorm clusters and rainfall in this specific region of the globe. This project is ideally suited to train graduate students in state-of-the-art observational analysis and atmospheric modeling techniques. Student participation in research activities will assist in the development of important critical thinking and scientific communication skills. This study offers the opportunity to teach many scientists about the important factors controlling rainfall in this region of Africa.

AbstractThis研究旨在提高我们对中尺度对流系统（MCSs）和撒哈拉以南北方非洲暖季降雨日周期之间关系的理解。 该研究专门讨论了所观察到的温暖季节的MCSs的时空分布，以及如何发展，传播和这些系统的寿命受到当地和区域环境因素的影响。 这项研究结合了观测分析与高分辨率中尺度模拟，以提高我们对暖季MCS的发展及其与降水日周期关系的理解。 智力价值这项研究将增加我们对降雨变化，物理机制和与这些时间和空间差异相关的过程的理解。 将开发的统计数据和其他指标将有可能影响目前和/或未来天气模型参数化方案的发展。其结果将对降雨量预测具有重要意义，这将对该区域的社区产生影响。 使用允许对流的高时空分辨率天气模型模拟，关闭典型的参数化方案，将允许显式计算产生对流所需的动力学。 更广泛的影响改善撒哈拉以南北非地区降水控制因素的经验和理论知识，将使该地区的居民能够更好地预测干旱和极端降雨事件并为此做好准备。努力用高分辨率天气模型准确再现观测结果，将为短期预测地球仪这一特定区域的大雷暴团和降雨的最适当模型设置提供指导。 这个项目非常适合培养研究生在国家的最先进的观测分析和大气建模技术。学生参与研究活动将有助于重要的批判性思维和科学沟通技能的发展。 这项研究提供了一个机会，让许多科学家了解控制非洲这一地区降雨的重要因素。