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Alkaline bioconversions for biofuel production from sunlight

利用阳光进行生物燃料生产的碱性生物转化

基本信息

批准号：
217328061
负责人：
Professor Dr. Olaf Kruse
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Biotechnology
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/217328061?language=en
关键词：
Alkaline bioconversions biofuel production sunlight

项目摘要

Methane from biomass is a potential renewable replacement of fossil fuels. Biomass for methane production can be generated by fixing CO2 from the atmosphere with phototrophic microorganisms. The basic novelty of our proposal is to grow algae/cyanobacteria at high pH (9-10) to absorb CO2 efficiently and then directly convert the produced biomass to methane. It is known that both phototrophy and biomass digestion occur naturally in high-pH soda lakes. However, the biotechnological potential of these processes at high pH has not yet been explored. The aim of the research is to explore this potential, to investigate the technical and economical feasibility of methane production from sunlight and the atmosphere at high pH. Use of high pH has a number of potential advantages: (1) CO2 absorption will be much more efficient; (2) biomass digestion at high pH will deliver CO2-free methane that can be used directly as green gas in the national gas grid; (3) the CO2 produced during digestion reacts to bicarbonate that can be recycled directly to the phototrophs. Focus of the research will be the controlled selection of algal/cyanobacterial and methanogenic microbial communities from high-pH soda lakes in high-pH bioreactors. These bioreactors will be used to acquire insight into all relevant processes: CO2 absorption, the ecophysiology of the phototrophs, the biological bottlenecks of the fermentation of biomass to methane, and precipitation processes. The insight will be condensed in a mathematical model and process design rules enabling the rapid scale up of the overall process.

来自生物质的甲烷是化石燃料的潜在可再生替代品。用于甲烷生产的生物质可以通过利用光养微生物固定来自大气的CO2来产生。我们的建议的基本新奇是在高pH（9-10）下生长藻类/蓝藻以有效地吸收CO2，然后将产生的生物质直接转化为甲烷。众所周知，光养和生物质消化都自然发生在高pH值的苏打湖中。然而，这些过程在高pH值下的生物技术潜力尚未被探索。研究的目的是探索这种潜力，调查在高pH值下从阳光和大气中生产甲烷的技术和经济可行性。使用高pH值具有许多潜在优势：（1）CO2吸收效率更高;（2）高pH值下的生物质消化将提供无CO2的甲烷，可以直接用作国家天然气网中的绿色气体;（3）消化过程中产生的CO2反应生成碳酸氢盐，碳酸氢盐可以直接再循环到光养生物中。研究的重点将是控制选择藻类/蓝藻和产甲烷微生物群落从高pH值的碱湖在高pH值的生物反应器。这些生物反应器将用于深入了解所有相关过程：CO2吸收，光养生物的生理生态学，生物质发酵为甲烷的生物瓶颈，以及沉淀过程。这种见解将浓缩在一个数学模型和工艺设计规则中，使整个工艺能够快速扩大规模。