Role of Physical Processes in the Southern Ocean CO2 Sink

物理过程在南大洋二氧化碳汇中的作用

• 批准号: 1449758
• 负责人: ChuanLi Jiang
• 金额: $ 13.5万
• 依托单位: NorthWest Research Associates, Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1449758&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Physical; Processes; Southern; Ocean

CMIP5, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 5) promotes a standard set of earth system model climate simulations in order to: i) evaluate how realistic our models are in simulating climate of the recent past, ii) provide projections of future climate change on two time scales, one near term (out to about 2035) and one long term (out to 2100 and beyond), and iii) understand some of the factors responsible for differences in model projections, including quantifying some key feedbacks such as those involving clouds and the carbon cycle. This project aims to analyse CMIP5 model output to assess the impacts of physical processes in the Southern Ocean that influences surface water pCO2 variation, and air-sea CO2 uptake.Systematic model intercomparisons will be carried out to tackle three main questions: 1) How significant are the zonal variationsin surface ocean pCO2 throughout the entire Southern Ocean, hence, how representative are conditions in Drake Passage of ESMs in other areas of the Southern Ocean? 2) Does the rate of pCO2 increase in the surface waters of the Southern Ocean concur with the increase of total Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) upwelled to the ocean surface south of the fronts? 3) What physical processes can explain the excessive surface water pCO2 concentrations found near the Polar Front in half of the eight available ESMs?Increased knowledge of future climate change is in the interest of the US.

根据CMIP5，耦合模式相互比较项目(第5阶段)促进一套标准的地球系统模式气候模拟，以便：1)评估我们的模式在模拟近期气候方面的逼真程度；2)在两个时间尺度上提供对未来气候变化的预测，一个是近期的(到2035年左右)，另一个是长期的(到2100年及以后)，以及3)了解造成模式预测差异的一些因素，包括对一些关键反馈进行量化，例如有关云层和碳循环的预测。该项目旨在分析CMIP5模式的输出，以评估南大洋物理过程对表层水二氧化碳变化和海-气二氧化碳吸收的影响。系统的模式相互比较将解决三个主要问题：1)整个南大洋表层海洋二氧化碳的纬向变化有多大，因此，在南大洋其他区域的新兴市场德雷克海峡的情况有多有代表性？2)南大洋表层水中二氧化碳浓度的增加速度与上升到锋面以南海洋表面的总溶解无机碳(DIC)的增加是否一致？3)哪些物理过程可以解释在8个可用新兴市场中的一半极锋附近发现的地表水二氧化碳浓度过高？增加对未来气候变化的了解符合美国的利益。