EAR-PF: Monitoring the role of subsurface physical processes in carbon flux from a degraded permafrost site using novel multidisciplinary observations

EAR-PF：利用新颖的多学科观测监测地下物理过程在退化永久冻土区碳通量中的作用

• 批准号: 1725625
• 负责人: Stephanie James
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: James Stephanie R
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1725625&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Monitoring; role; subsurface

Dr. Stephanie R. James has been awarded an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to carry out a research and education plan at the U.S. Geological Survey, Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center, in Denver, CO. Her research project will improve the understanding of how Arctic boreal peatlands respond, both physically and chemically, to thawing permafrost. The release of permafrost carbon has the potential to impact the global carbon budget. However, the magnitude of this impact is uncertain due to the complex relationships between processes above and below ground, dramatic seasonal changes, and limitations in subsurface measurement capabilities. Dr. James will use a novel combination of geophysical and biogeochemical techniques in a multidisciplinary field experiment near Fairbanks, Alaska to improve the understanding of the physical controls on carbon fluxes at the site scale. This will lead to improved predictions of the permafrost-carbon feedback in climate models at the global scale. In addition, this project will advance a passive seismic technique capable of continuous monitoring for permafrost degradation, which could improve infrastructure security in local communities. Dr. James will also conduct an education plan to advance academic and professional scientific inquiry and public education. A multiday geophysical workshop will train college graduates and professionals in cutting-edge hydrogeophysical methods. Then, a series of Earth science outreach visits to middle schools in Denver, CO and Fairbanks, AK will broaden student awareness and encourage science participation. This project entails a one year multidisciplinary field experiment and the integration of field data with numerical simulations of water and energy transport using the code SUTRA 3.0. Passive seismic, nuclear magnetic resonance, temperature, soil moisture, and carbon flux measurements will be collected along a transect between intact permafrost and a collapse-scar bog. By using a unique combination of geophysical and biogeochemical methods, this project will address how subsurface physical processes, such as seasonal freeze-thaw dynamics and changes in water content, impact carbon exchange with the atmosphere across a permafrost thaw gradient. Numerical modeling will improve the understanding of relationships between surface conditions and subsurface processes, as well as aid with interpretation of seismic velocity changes. This work builds off previous studies of the Alaskan Peatland Experiment (APEX) and will advance passive seismic techniques for permafrost monitoring.

Stephanie R博士詹姆斯已被授予美国国家科学基金会博士后奖学金进行研究和教育计划在美国地质调查局，地壳地球物理和地球化学科学中心，在丹佛，CO她的研究项目将提高北极北部泥炭地如何响应的理解，物理和化学，融化永冻土。永久冻土碳的释放有可能影响全球碳预算。然而，由于地面和地下过程之间的复杂关系、剧烈的季节变化以及地下测量能力的限制，这种影响的程度是不确定的。詹姆斯博士将在阿拉斯加费尔班克斯附近的多学科现场实验中使用地球物理和地球化学技术的新组合，以提高对现场规模碳通量物理控制的理解。这将导致在全球范围的气候模型中改进对永久冻土碳反馈的预测。此外，该项目还将推进能够持续监测永冻土退化的被动地震技术，这可以改善当地社区的基础设施安全。詹姆斯博士还将开展一项教育计划，以推进学术和专业科学探究和公共教育。一个为期多日的地球物理讲习班将培训大学毕业生和专业人员掌握先进的水文地球物理方法。然后，对科罗拉多州丹佛市和AK州费尔班克斯市的中学进行一系列地球科学外展访问，将扩大学生的认识，鼓励科学参与。该项目需要进行为期一年的多学科实地实验，并使用代码SUTRA 3.0将实地数据与水和能源传输的数值模拟相结合。被动地震，核磁共振，温度，土壤湿度和碳通量的测量将收集沿着一个完整的永久冻土带和一个疤痕沼泽之间的横断面。通过使用地球物理和地球化学方法的独特组合，该项目将解决地下物理过程，如季节性冻融动态和含水量变化，如何影响多年冻土融化梯度与大气的碳交换。数值模拟将提高对地表条件和地下过程之间关系的理解，并有助于解释地震速度变化。这项工作建立在阿拉斯加泥炭地实验（APEX）以前的研究，并将推进被动地震技术的冻土监测。