Workshop: Unsteady Aquatic Locomotion with Respect to Eco-Design and Mechanics; West Palm Beach, Florida, -January 3-7, 2015

研讨会：不稳定水上运动的生态设计和力学；

• 批准号: 1450588
• 负责人: Frank Fish
• 金额: $ 1.71万
• 依托单位: West Chester University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1450588&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Workshop; Unsteady; Aquatic; Locomotion; Respect

This award will support the symposium 'Unsteady aquatic locomotion with respect to eco-design and mechanics' at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) in January 2015. The symposium is intended to bring together morphologists, engineers, and mathematicians with an interest in how animals cope with the problem of unsteadiness in the aquatic environment. A major goal is to take theoretical analysis of swimming from the laboratory and examine the interaction of the animal and the environment in the field, where unsteadiness is the general condition. The aquatic environment in which animals must operate is in a constant state of change and therefore unsteady by nature. The occurrence of intrinsic instabilities together with currents, turbulence, tidal oscillations, wave action, and the need for predator and obstacle avoidance, high accelerations and maneuverability make functioning in open water difficult. Turbulence for aquatic animals is important at scales ranging from micro to macro to global. To meet the challenges of inherently unsteady movements and unsteady environment, aquatic animals have adapted body morphologies and behaviors that not only act to enhance stabilization, but can also take advantage of the unsteadiness. Mechanics of vortex energy capture, tidal transport, the drag reduction experienced by animals in swarms and schools, stabilization kinematics associated with short-term perturbations, diving strategies, and fast-start behaviors are examples of mechanisms that utilize unsteadiness in an adaptive manner. Furthermore, the unsteady turbulence that animals produce themselves can have ramifications for ocean mixing and global climate change.Bringing together a diverse array of investigators capitalizes on new approaches and concepts to the study of unsteadiness for aquatic organisms. The potential scientific significance of this symposium is an understanding of the importance of unsteadiness in the environment. This focus can stimulate research based on the knowledge of swimming generated in the laboratory into a natural context. Such information is necessary to assess the energetics of swimming with its implications to the conservation of aquatic species. In addition, morphology and performance displayed by aquatic animals can suggest future avenues for bio-inspired designs. By using SICB as the venue for the symposium, the symposium will be broadly advertised and presented to a large contingent of researchers, who work directly or are allied with the topic of interest. Papers from each presentation (11 total) will be published in the society's journal, Integrative and Comparative Biology. Ultimately, it is hoped that this symposium will provide a forum for discussion among researchers, foster new ideas, interdisciplinary collaborations, and lead the way toward future directions of research efforts in aquatic locomotion.

该奖项将支持2015年1月在综合与比较生物学学会（SICB）年会上举行的“生态设计和力学方面的不稳定水上运动”研讨会。研讨会的目的是汇集形态学家，工程师和数学家，对动物如何科普水生环境中的不稳定问题感兴趣。一个主要的目标是从实验室游泳的理论分析，并检查动物和环境的相互作用，在现场，不稳定是一般条件。动物必须在其中活动的水生环境处于不断变化的状态，因此本质上是不稳定的。固有的不稳定性与水流、湍流、潮汐振荡、波浪作用一起发生，以及对捕食者和避障、高加速度和机动性的需要，使得在开放水域中的功能变得困难。湍流对于水生动物来说，在从微观到宏观到全球的尺度上都很重要。为了应对固有的不稳定运动和不稳定环境的挑战，水生动物已经适应了身体形态和行为，不仅可以增强稳定性，而且还可以利用不稳定性。涡旋能量捕获、潮汐运输、成群和成群的动物所经历的阻力减少、与短期扰动相关的稳定运动学、潜水策略和快速启动行为的机制都是以适应方式利用非定常性的机制的例子。此外，动物本身产生的不稳定湍流可能对海洋混合和全球气候变化产生影响。将各种各样的研究人员聚集在一起，利用新的方法和概念来研究水生生物的不稳定性。这次研讨会的潜在科学意义是对环境不稳定性重要性的理解。这种关注可以刺激基于实验室中产生的游泳知识的研究进入自然环境。这些信息对于评估游泳的能量学及其对水生物种保护的影响是必要的。此外，水生动物表现出的形态和性能可以为生物灵感设计提供未来的途径。 通过利用SICB作为专题讨论会的地点，专题讨论会将被广泛宣传，并介绍给大量的研究人员，他们直接从事或与感兴趣的主题有关。每个演讲的论文（共11篇）将发表在该协会的期刊《综合与比较生物学》上。最终，希望这次研讨会能够为研究人员提供一个讨论论坛，促进新思想、跨学科合作，并引领水上运动研究工作的未来方向。