Workshop: Unsteady Aquatic Locomotion with Respect to Eco-Design and Mechanics; West Palm Beach, Florida, -January 3-7, 2015

该奖项将支持2015年1月在综合与比较生物学学会(SICB)年会上举行的关于生态设计和力学方面的不稳定水生运动的研讨会。这次研讨会的目的是聚集形态学家、工程师和数学家，他们对动物如何应对水环境中的不稳定问题感兴趣。一个主要的目标是从实验室对游泳进行理论分析，并检查动物与野外环境的相互作用，其中不稳定是一般情况。动物必须活动的水生环境处于不断变化的状态，因此本质上是不稳定的。内在不稳定性的出现，加上水流、湍流、潮汐振荡、波浪作用，以及捕食者和障碍物躲避、高加速和机动性的需要，使得在公开水域发挥作用变得困难。水生动物的湍流在从微观到宏观再到全球的各种尺度上都很重要。为了应对固有的不稳定运动和不稳定环境的挑战，水生动物已经适应了身体形态和行为，不仅可以增强稳定性，还可以利用不稳定。涡旋能量捕获、潮汐传输、动物在群体和群体中经历的减阻、与短期扰动相关的稳定运动学、潜水策略和快速启动行为等机制都是以自适应方式利用不稳定的机制的例子。此外，动物自己产生的不稳定湍流可能会对海洋混合和全球气候变化产生影响。将各种不同的研究人员聚集在一起，可以利用新的方法和概念来研究水生生物的不稳定。这次研讨会的潜在科学意义在于对环境不稳定的重要性的理解。这一重点可以刺激基于实验室产生的游泳知识的研究进入自然环境。这些信息对于评估游泳的能量及其对水生物种保护的影响是必要的。此外，水生动物所展示的形态和表现可以为生物灵感设计提供未来的途径。通过使用SICB作为研讨会的地点，研讨会将被广泛宣传，并向一大批研究人员展示，他们直接工作或与感兴趣的主题结盟。每场演讲的论文(共11篇)将发表在学会期刊《综合与比较生物学》上。最终，希望这次研讨会将为研究人员提供一个讨论的论坛，促进新的思想，跨学科的合作，并引领未来水上运动研究的方向。

This award will support the symposium 'Unsteady aquatic locomotion with respect to eco-design and mechanics' at the annual meeting of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) in January 2015. The symposium is intended to bring together morphologists, engineers, and mathematicians with an interest in how animals cope with the problem of unsteadiness in the aquatic environment. A major goal is to take theoretical analysis of swimming from the laboratory and examine the interaction of the animal and the environment in the field, where unsteadiness is the general condition. The aquatic environment in which animals must operate is in a constant state of change and therefore unsteady by nature. The occurrence of intrinsic instabilities together with currents, turbulence, tidal oscillations, wave action, and the need for predator and obstacle avoidance, high accelerations and maneuverability make functioning in open water difficult. Turbulence for aquatic animals is important at scales ranging from micro to macro to global. To meet the challenges of inherently unsteady movements and unsteady environment, aquatic animals have adapted body morphologies and behaviors that not only act to enhance stabilization, but can also take advantage of the unsteadiness. Mechanics of vortex energy capture, tidal transport, the drag reduction experienced by animals in swarms and schools, stabilization kinematics associated with short-term perturbations, diving strategies, and fast-start behaviors are examples of mechanisms that utilize unsteadiness in an adaptive manner. Furthermore, the unsteady turbulence that animals produce themselves can have ramifications for ocean mixing and global climate change.Bringing together a diverse array of investigators capitalizes on new approaches and concepts to the study of unsteadiness for aquatic organisms. The potential scientific significance of this symposium is an understanding of the importance of unsteadiness in the environment. This focus can stimulate research based on the knowledge of swimming generated in the laboratory into a natural context. Such information is necessary to assess the energetics of swimming with its implications to the conservation of aquatic species. In addition, morphology and performance displayed by aquatic animals can suggest future avenues for bio-inspired designs. By using SICB as the venue for the symposium, the symposium will be broadly advertised and presented to a large contingent of researchers, who work directly or are allied with the topic of interest. Papers from each presentation (11 total) will be published in the society's journal, Integrative and Comparative Biology. Ultimately, it is hoped that this symposium will provide a forum for discussion among researchers, foster new ideas, interdisciplinary collaborations, and lead the way toward future directions of research efforts in aquatic locomotion.