EAGER: US IGNITE: A Virtual Crisis Information Sharing and Situational Awareness Platform for Collaborative Disaster Response

一幅图胜过千言万语；在紧急情况下，图像和视频比简单的文本能提供更好的意识，这一点尤其正确。通过利用社区宽带基础设施和扩展现有的应急管理系统，使应急人员能够在地方、区域和联邦应急管理和执法机构之间以传感器、照片和视频流的形式传输与危机有关的信息，本项目扩大了应对紧急情况的能力。它还认识到，通信中断是所有灾害中最普遍的共同特征之一。通信基础设施的故障给应急管理人员造成了严重的态势感知缺口，可能导致可预防的生命损失、财产损失和严重的经济影响。该项目利用软件定义网络（SDN）形式的先进网络技术来解决通信故障。该项目建立在下一代事件指挥系统（NICS）的基础上，该系统由麻省理工学院林肯实验室在国土安全部的支持下开发。NICS平台提供了一个协作态势感知平台，用于(1)现场第一响应者向事故指挥官报告数据，以及(2)应急管理人员和第一响应者共享基于地图的近实时态势感知。nic被设计为在低带宽网络上运行，不支持用户之间共享视频——这对于在地面上获得准确的图像评估至关重要。该项目扩展了NICS，使其能够利用美国Ignite社区现有的超高速网络。它建立了一个态势感知平台，提供查看和共享多个高分辨率视频、图像和文档的能力，并通过使用软件定义网络技术在网络问题发生时重新路由流量，提供可靠的网络连接。

A picture is worth a thousand words; this is especially true during emergencies where images and video can provide better awareness than simple text. By exploiting community broadband infrastructure and by extending an existing emergency management system to allow for emergency personnel to transmit crisis related information in the form of sensors, photos, and video streams across local, regional, and federal emergency management and law enforcement agencies, this project expands the ability to respond to emergencies. It also recognizes that communication outages are one of the most broadly shared characteristic of all disasters. The failure of communication infrastructure creates serious situational awareness gaps for emergency managers that can lead to preventable loss of life, property damage, and serious economic impacts. The project utilizes advanced networking technology in the form of Software Defined Networking (SDN) to address communication failures.The project builds upon the Next Generation Incident Command System (NICS) - a system developed by MIT Lincoln Laboratory with support from DHS S&T. The NICS platform provides a collaborative situational awareness platform for (1) First responders in the field to report data to incident commanders in near real-time, and (2) Emergency managers and first responders to share map-based situational awareness in near real-time. NICS was designed to operate on low-bandwidth networks and does not support sharing video among users - which is essential to get an accurate assessment of picture on the ground. This project extends NICS so that it leverages the existing ultra-fast networks available in US Ignite communities. It builds a situational awareness platform that provides the ability to view and share multiple high-resolution videos, images and documents, and provides reliable network connectivity by using Software Defined Networking technology to reroute traffic in the event of network problems.