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CAREER: Ancient river and floodplain dynamics: a research and education plan for improving paleoenvironmental reconstructions and stratigraphic prediction

职业：古代河流和洪泛区动力学：改善古环境重建和地层预测的研究和教育计划

基本信息

批准号：
1455240
负责人：
Elizabeth Hajek
金额：
$ 45.25万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1455240&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Ancient river floodplain dynamics

项目摘要

CAREER: Ancient river and floodplain dynamics: a research and education plan for improving paleoenvironmental reconstructions and stratigraphic predictionRivers and floodplains are important resources - they nourish agricultural land, provide water for irrigation, and facilitate transportation between coastlines and continental interiors. Fluvial landscapes are sensitive to climate and land-use changes; however, it is currently difficult to predict which river systems are most sensitive and how they will respond to environmental perturbations. Sedimentary deposits provide an underexploited record of how Earth's landscapes have evolved in response to climate, tectonic, and land-cover change throughout Earth's history. Methods for reconstructing ancient landscape dynamics from fossilized river deposits hold promise for understanding how rivers and floodplains responded to past environmental changes - information that can help predict how today's rivers and floodplains may adjust to present and future climate and land-use changes. Despite recent advances in reconstructing ancient river and floodplain behavior, the toolkit for extracting quantitative information from sedimentary deposits is limited. Using detailed field observations from well-exposed Cretaceous-Eocene rock outcrops in the western United States, this project focuses on developing new methods of extracting practicable information about ancient river systems from sedimentary deposits. A complementary education and outreach program aims to 1) strengthen sedimentary geologists' reconstructions of ancient river landscapes through a series of hands-on, training courses, 2) raise awareness about dynamic fluvial environments among middle- and high-school students through stream-table activities, and 3) support outcrop- and stream-table-based research opportunities for students from underrepresented backgrounds. This work will expand our ability to measure and compare how rivers and floodplains changed in response to environmental forcing throughout Earth's history. This historical perspective will expand our toolkit for predicting how modern rivers and floodplains will respond to ongoing anthropogenic climate and land-use changes. Additionally, this work will provide new ways of predicting the distribution and quality of subsurface hydrocarbon, groundwater, and CO2 reservoirs. This CAREER project presents an integrated research and education plan that will help build a foundation for the PI's long-term professional efforts to 1) advance reconstructions of ancient sedimentary environments in order to enhance decision-making and management practices for modern sedimentary landscapes and improve process-based predictions of subsurface stratigraphy, 2) build a diverse and adaptable workforce capable of tackling the 21st century's energy and environmental challenges, and 3) broaden citizen awareness of how understanding variability in sedimentary systems can improve our ability to sustainably live in dynamic landscapes.

研究方向：古河流和洪泛区动力学：一项研究和教育计划，旨在改善古环境重建和地层预测。河流和洪泛区是重要的资源——它们滋养农田，提供灌溉用水，促进海岸线和大陆内部之间的交通。河流景观对气候和土地利用变化很敏感；然而，目前很难预测哪些河流系统是最敏感的，以及它们将如何应对环境扰动。沉积层提供了一个未被充分利用的记录，记录了地球景观是如何随着地球历史上气候、构造和土地覆盖变化而演变的。从河流沉积物化石中重建古代景观动态的方法有助于理解河流和洪泛平原如何对过去的环境变化做出反应——这些信息可以帮助预测今天的河流和洪泛平原如何适应现在和未来的气候和土地利用变化。尽管最近在重建古河流和洪泛区行为方面取得了进展，但从沉积沉积物中提取定量信息的工具是有限的。通过对美国西部白垩纪-始新世岩石露头的详细野外观测，该项目侧重于开发从沉积层中提取古代河流系统实用信息的新方法。一项补充教育和推广计划旨在1)通过一系列实践培训课程加强沉积地质学家对古河流景观的重建，2)通过流表活动提高中学生对动态河流环境的认识，3)为来自代表性不足背景的学生提供基于露头和流表的研究机会。这项工作将扩大我们测量和比较河流和洪泛平原如何在整个地球历史上响应环境强迫而变化的能力。这一历史视角将扩展我们预测现代河流和洪泛平原将如何应对持续的人为气候和土地利用变化的工具。此外，这项工作将为预测地下油气、地下水和二氧化碳储层的分布和质量提供新的方法。这个CAREER项目提出了一个综合的研究和教育计划，将有助于为PI的长期专业工作奠定基础：1)推进古代沉积环境的重建，以加强现代沉积景观的决策和管理实践，改善基于过程的地下地层学预测；2)建立一支多样化和适应性强的劳动力队伍，能够应对21世纪的能源和环境挑战。3)扩大公民意识，了解沉积系统的可变性如何提高我们在动态景观中可持续生活的能力。