CAREER: The Ties that (Un)Bind: Understanding the Connection Between Galaxies, Stars, and Black Holes

职业：解开束缚的纽带：了解星系、恒星和黑洞之间的联系

• 批准号: 1455342
• 负责人: Philip Hopkins
• 金额: $ 79.38万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1455342&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Ties; Un; Bind; Understanding

Galaxies are the building blocks of the universe, and as such are important tracers of the origin and evolution of the cosmos. Since galaxies are themselves made of dark matter, gas, dust, stars, and black holes, they also provide a unique probe of these fundamental quantities. Computers are now sufficiently powerful to resolve the internal structure of individual galaxies in simulations that model their formation from the initial conditions of the Big Bang. This CAREER award will push forward those simulations into the next generation in terms of resolution, as well as the modeling of the interstellar medium, star formation, and the physics of supermassive black holes. The simulations will allow astronomers to make some of the first direct observational predictions for the properties of galaxies being measured by major new observatories, such as the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The work will also enable the PI and his team to revisit classic questions in galaxy formation, the regulation of star formation and black hole growth, and cold dark matter cosmology.The specific goals of this research project are to produce and analyze a suite of cosmological simulations that explicitly resolve the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) of for the first time. The unique combination of realistic feedback from stars and supermassive black holes, dramatically improved numerical algorithms, and state-of-the art resolution will enable the PI to dramatically improve the predictive power of galaxy formation models. In addition, the team will make public and support the new numerical methods developed as part of this work, which will help to resolve many numerical problems and barriers that have compromised the accuracy and interpretation of previous-generation simulations. This will allow the community to assess the relative importance of numerics and physics in galaxy formation in a way that has not been possible in the past.The PI plans to leverage the visual excitement of simulations of the formation and evolution of galaxies by partnering with the Shafran Planetarium and Mueller Observatory at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, as well as data visualization experts. Together they will build and distribute a new platform to allow scientists to integrate their galaxy simulations into planetarium astronomy shows and television programs. The work is expected to dramatically increase the number and quality of astronomy visualizations entering the public domain, which will improve astronomical education tools across the country.

星系是宇宙的基础，因此是宇宙起源和进化的重要示踪剂。由于星系本身是由暗物质，气体，灰尘，恒星和黑洞制成的，因此它们还提供了这些基本数量的独特探测。现在，计算机已经足够强大，可以在模拟中解决单个星系的内部结构，这些模拟是从大爆炸的初始条件中建模其形成的。这项职业奖将把这些模拟推向下一代，以及星际介质，星形组和超级质量黑洞物理学的建模。这些模拟将使天文学家能够对由主要的新观测值（例如Atacama大毫米/毫米/毫升阵列（ALMA））测量的星系性质进行一些直接观察性预测。这项工作还将使PI和他的团队能够在银河系形成，恒星形成和黑洞增长以及冷暗物质宇宙学中重新审视经典问题。该研究项目的具体目标旨在生成和分析一系列宇宙学模拟，以明确解决多个酶的二体媒介（ISM），以供第一次使用。来自恒星和超级黑洞的现实反馈，极大改进的数值算法以及最先进的解决方案的独特组合将使PI能够显着提高星系形成模型的预测能力。此外，该团队将公开并支持作为这项工作的一部分开发的新数值方法，这将有助于解决许多数值问题和障碍，这些问题和障碍损害了前期模拟的准确性和解释。这将使社区能够以过去不可能的方式评估银河系形成中数字和物理的相对重要性。PI计划通过与Shafran Planetarium和Mueller obleveratoration和Mueller obleveratory在克利夫兰兰德兰（Cleveland）的自然历史学博物馆和自然历史博物馆以及自然历史博物馆以及数据可视化及数据可视化及数据可视化及数据可视化的模拟兴奋的视觉兴奋。他们将共同建立和分发一个新的平台，以允许科学家将其星系模拟整合到天文馆天文学节目和电视节目中。预计这项工作将大大增加进入公共领域的天文学可视化数量和质量，这将改善全国的天文教育工具。

项目成果

First predicted cosmic ray spectra, primary-to-secondary ratios, and ionization rates from MHD galaxy formation simulations

首次通过 MHD 星系形成模拟预测宇宙射线光谱、初级与次级比率和电离率

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac1791
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Hopkins, Philip F.;Butsky, Iryna S.;Panopoulou, Georgia V.;Ji, Suoqing;Quataert, Eliot;Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André;Kereš, Dušan
• 通讯作者: Kereš, Dušan