OPUS-A Synthesis of Anthurium and Philodendron (Araceae) for Neotropical America

美洲热带地区，即新热带地区，植物物种形成率很高。 在一些植物科，如天南星科、天南星科或喜林芋科，这导致了物种丰富度和当地稀有度的异常高。因此，天南星科物种的存在是整个热带地区拟议保护公园和自然保护区价值的主要指标。本计画将提供天南星科最大的两个属--红掌属和喜林芋属约2700种的详细分类描述，约占整个科的45%。该家族在园艺方面出类拔萃，在盆栽植物销售方面排名第一，并因在低光照条件下的弹性生长而以室内景观而闻名。由于植物易于栽培且极具观赏性，世界各地的种植者将受益于天南星科的分类修订，包括形态学和生态学描述。如此多的物种的可用性也确保了家庭将仍然是生物学教学的重要工具，特别是由于许多有趣的和独特的功能，植物展示，如生产热量和广泛的花类型和授粉系统。该项目的目标是以全面、系统-系统发育的方式综合密苏里州植物园47年来对新热带红掌和喜林芋的研究。这项工作包括对新热带地区大部分地区的植物区系描述，9次重大修订，200篇出版物，2400多个分类学新奇事物，以及许多未发表的系统和植物区系处理。植物标本收集将用于确定新的和完善天南星科现有物种的定义。 所有物种的分类数据将输入Lucid程序，这是一个用户友好的多条目计算机化植物识别码。 钥匙的数据库将存储用于帮助人们识别植物标本的形态和生态特征信息，这些数据可以用于分析。 Lucid检索表将在至少两个网站上在线提供给植物科学、园艺界和全世界的公众，使用户能够确定这些园艺上重要的群体。这些精确的信息加上所有物种的图像将在密苏里州植物园的网站上汇集，作为Tropicos的一部分，Tropicos是目前世界上使用最多的植物数据库之一。同时，大部分新热带天南星科的植物区系和修订记录将在密苏里州植物园的网站上在线提供。该项目的一个重要方面将是培训来自拉丁美洲的20名对天南星科感兴趣的植物学家，他们将学习天南星科植物分类的各种新方法，包括如何构建Lucid检索表和其他工具，使他们能够继续对天南星科进行研究，并更有效地进行研究。

The American tropical regions, the Neotropics, have high rates of plant speciation. In some plant families such as the Araceae, the aroid or Philodendron family, this has led to unusually high rates of species richness and local rarity. Thus the presence of Araceae species is a major indicator of the value of proposed conservation parks and natural reserves throughout the tropics. This project will provide detailed taxonomic descriptions of an estimated 2700 species of Anthurium and Philodendron, the two largest genera in the Araceae, this constitutes about 45% of the entire family. The family is preeminent in horticulture where the family rates first in potted plant sales and is renowned for indoor landscaping due to the resilient growth in low light conditions. Since plants are easily brought into cultivation and are highly ornamental, growers all over the world will benefit from the taxonomic revision, which includes morphological and ecological descriptions, of the Araceae. The availability of so many species also insures that the family will remain an important tool in teaching biology, especially owing to the many interesting and unique features the plants exhibit such as the production of heat and a wide array of flower types and pollination systems. The goal of the project is to synthesize in a comprehensive, systematic-phylogenetic manner the 47 years of research at the Missouri Botanical Garden on Neotropical Anthurium and Philodendron. The work entails includes floristic accounts of most areas in the Neotropics, nine major revisions, 200 publications, over 2400 taxonomic novelties, and many unpublished systematic and floristic treatments. Herbarium collections will be used to identify new and to refine existing species definitions in Araceae. The taxonomic data for all species will be entered into the Lucid program, a user friendly multi-entry computerized plant identification key. The key's database will store morphological and ecological trait information which is used to help people identify plant specimens and the data can be used in analyses. The Lucid keys will be available online to the plant sciences, horticultural community and the general public worldwide on at least two websites and will enable users to make determinations of these horticulturally important groups. This precise information coupled with images of all species will be assembled on the website of the Missouri Botanical Garden as a part of Tropicos, currently one of the most heavily used plant databases in the world. At the same time floristic and revisionary accounts of most of the Neotropical Araceae will be made available online on the Missouri Botanical Garden's website. An important aspect of the project will be the training of 20 botanists from Latin America who are interested in Araceae and who will learn a variety of new approaches to aroid taxonomy including how to construct Lucid keys and other tools that will enable them to continue research with Araceae and to be more efficient in conducting research.