Immigrants, Entrepreneurs, and Urban Redevelopment in the U.S.

美国的移民、企业家和城市重建

• 批准号: 1457954
• 负责人: Angie Chung
• 金额: $ 13.73万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-15 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1457954&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Immigrants; Entrepreneurs; Urban; Redevelopment; U.S.

Ethnic enclaves are no longer socially isolated from the mainstream economy and may hold the key to reversing the economic decline of urban areas or aggravating social inequality within the metropolis. Even so, research on the economic development of U.S. immigration gateways and ?global cities? has paid scant attention to how new immigrant elites in these enclaves mobilize transnational capital and work in collaboration with public officials and economic development organizations to promote land intensification and development in economically-stagnant neighborhoods. This research examines the emergence of pro-growth coalitions made up of immigrant entrepreneurs, political leaders, large-scale developers, and transnational investors from the Pacific Rim that have built their fortunes around luxury condos, office buildings, high-end restaurants, and other profitable ventures in fast-growing ethnic enclave economies. It will evaluate how such economic development ties in with the commercialization of culture, the privatization and fortressing of public spaces, environmental damage, heightened segregation between the rich and the poor, and impacts on workers and residents, The study involves an intensive case study of two highly-developed ethnic enclave economies in the Korean entrepreneurial center of Koreatown and the Chinese core of Monterey Park, Los Angeles--both of which have experienced rapid growth and (re)development as a result of their ties to the global economy. The findings will inform local government officials and policymakers regarding working with immigrant leaders on issues of economic development and devising strategies for balanced growth to reduce overdevelopment, environmental damage and interracial conflict.The main objective of this project is to identify the main characteristics of the immigrant elite, their strategies for promoting their agenda to the local government, and the resulting impact on social relations and inequality in a racially-diverse metropolis. Data come from 120 semi-structured interviews with the major leaders for and against development, including transnational agents, local elite, public and quasi-public authorities, community-based organizations, and residents/ activists. Data also include census and other secondary materials, which describe the steady progression of enclave growth, the political characteristics and influence of residents and businesses, and the demographic backdrop for gentrification, displacement and potential neighborhood conflicts. The findings will advance understanding of the politics of land use, investment and development which are increasingly linked to economies beyond U.S. borders as a result of real estate investment from overseas, and how this can delocalize decision-making processes away from municipal governments and complicate local growth control efforts. 

族裔飞地不再在社会上与主流经济隔绝，可能是扭转城市地区经济衰退或加剧大都市内社会不平等的关键。即便如此，对美国移民门户和全球城市经济发展的研究？对这些飞地上的新移民精英如何动员跨国资本，以及如何与公职人员和经济发展组织合作，在经济停滞的社区促进土地集约和开发，关注较少。这项研究考察了由来自环太平洋地区的移民企业家、政治领导人、大型开发商和跨国投资者组成的促进增长的联盟的出现，这些联盟围绕着快速增长的民族飞地经济中的豪华公寓、写字楼、高端餐厅和其他有利可图的企业建立了财富。它将评估这种经济发展与文化商业化、公共空间私有化和堡垒、环境破坏、贫富差距加剧以及对工人和居民的影响之间的联系。这项研究涉及对韩国创业中心韩国城和洛杉矶中国核心蒙特利公园的两个高度发达的民族飞地经济进行深入的案例研究，这两个经济体都由于与全球经济的联系而经历了快速增长和(再)发展。调查结果将为地方政府官员和政策制定者提供有关在经济发展问题上与移民领导人合作并制定平衡增长战略以减少过度开发、环境破坏和种族间冲突的信息。该项目的主要目标是确定移民精英的主要特征，他们向地方政府宣传他们的议程的战略，以及由此对一个种族多元化的大都市的社会关系和不平等的影响。数据来自对支持和反对发展的主要领导人的120次半结构化访谈，其中包括跨国代理人、当地精英、公共和准公共当局、社区组织以及居民/活动家。数据还包括人口普查和其他二手材料，这些材料描述了飞地增长的稳步进展，居民和企业的政治特征和影响，以及士绅化、流离失所和潜在的社区冲突的人口背景。由于海外房地产投资，土地使用、投资和发展与美国境外经济的联系日益紧密，这些发现将推动人们对土地使用、投资和发展政治的理解，以及这将如何使决策过程远离市政府，并使地方经济增长控制努力复杂化。