Coastal Ocean Carbon Cycling during Wintertime Conditions

冬季条件下沿海海洋碳循环

• 批准号: 1459480
• 负责人: Miguel Goni
• 金额: $ 75.67万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-15 至 2019-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1459480&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Coastal; Ocean; Carbon; Cycling; during

As is true for many coastal regions worldwide, the Pacific Northwest margin is characterized by intense seasonal contrasts in conditions controlling carbon flux between the atmosphere, land, and ocean. During the wintertime, rapid and intense flooding of small coastal rivers and the associated inputs of freshwater, nutrients, and organic matter are commonplace in the Pacific Northwest. Impacts of these wintertime terrestrial-ocean transfers by small, flood-prone rivers on the upwelling regions, such as the Pacific Northwest, have been underestimated at both global and regional scales. In order to gain a complete and predictive understanding of carbon cycling in ocean margins, the biogeochemistry of periods of intense terrestrial-ocean transfers needs to be comprehensively studied. This project will evaluate the dynamics of organic matter cycling along an upwelling-dominated margin during the wintertime period of active terrestrial inputs and biological cycling using a combination of shipboard, glider, moored and remote measurements. New developments in ocean observational technologies through the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI)* and existing scientific infrastructure along the Oregon coast will be instrumental in achieving this goal. This work will provide research opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students, and outreach will be conducted through the Centers for Ocean Science Education Excellence Pacific Partnership, local coastal community colleges, and interpretative centers such as Oregon State University Hatfield Center, the Umpqua Discovery Center, and Oregon Coast Aquarium in an effort to educate students and the public about the research.Globally, most studies of carbon cycling in eastern boundary regimes have focused on the upwelling phase during the summer months, resulting in a much poorer understanding of non-upwelling periods. As is many coastal upwelling systems, wintertime conditions along the Pacific Northwest margin are characterized by southerly, downwelling-favorable winds and moisture-laden storms that result in seasonal flooding by the numerous small to medium-sized rivers in the region. Elevated discharges by these coastal rivers translate into large inputs of land-derived biogeochemical relevant constituents, including freshwater, dissolved inorganic nutrients, and dissolved and particulate organic matter, which collectively rival or exceed those of the Columbia River. To understand the impact of flood-derived terrestrial inputs on the biogeochemistry of the coastal zone along the Pacific Northwest margin, researchers will conduct a detailed investigation of biogeochemical processes in the water column along the Newport Hydrographic Line off the central Oregon coast during fall/winter conditions. The project includes an intensive field effort that takes advantage of ship-based and autonomous platforms to gain comprehensive wintertime coverage. Among the project outcomes, this effort will lead to a revised paradigm of the biogeochemical drivers of carbon cycling in coastal margins.*The Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) is an NSF-funded, networked infrastructure of science-driven sensor systems to measure the physical, chemical, geological and biological variables in the ocean and seafloor. For more information about OOI, please visit the website: www.oceanobservatories.org

与世界上许多沿海地区一样，太平洋西北边缘的特点是控制大气、陆地和海洋之间碳通量的条件存在强烈的季节性差异。在冬季，太平洋西北部沿海小河流的快速和强烈洪水以及相关的淡水，营养物质和有机物质的输入是司空见惯的。在全球和区域尺度上，这些冬季由小型易发洪水的河流对太平洋西北部等上升流区域的陆地-海洋转移的影响被低估了。为了对海洋边缘的碳循环有一个全面和有预见性的了解，需要全面研究陆地-海洋剧烈转移时期的地球化学。该项目将利用船上、滑翔机、系泊和远程测量相结合的方法，评价冬季陆地活动输入和生物循环期间有机物沿沿着上升流为主的边缘循环的动态。通过海洋观测站倡议 * 和俄勒冈州沿海沿着现有的科学基础设施，海洋观测技术的新发展将有助于实现这一目标。这项工作将为本科生和研究生提供研究机会，并将通过海洋科学教育卓越太平洋伙伴关系中心，当地沿海社区学院和解释中心，如俄勒冈州州立大学哈特菲尔德中心，乌姆普夸发现中心和俄勒冈州海岸水族馆进行推广，努力教育学生和公众有关研究。在全球范围内，对东部边界地区碳循环的大多数研究都集中在夏季的上升流阶段，导致对非上升流阶段的了解少得多。与许多沿海上升流系统一样，太平洋西北边缘沿着的冬季条件以偏南、有利于下降的风和充满水分的风暴为特征，这些风暴导致该地区许多中小河流发生季节性洪水。这些沿海河流的排放量增加，转化为大量陆源生物地球化学相关成分的输入，包括淡水、溶解的无机营养物以及溶解的和颗粒状的有机物，这些成分的总量可与哥伦比亚河的排放量相媲美或超过哥伦比亚河。为了了解洪水引起的陆地输入对太平洋西北边缘沿海地区海洋地球化学的影响，研究人员将在秋季/冬季条件下对俄勒冈州中部海岸纽波特水文线沿着的水柱中的海洋地球化学过程进行详细调查。该项目包括一项密集的实地工作，利用船基和自主平台获得全面的冬季覆盖。在项目成果中，这一努力将导致沿海边缘碳循环的生物地球化学驱动因素的修订范例。海洋观测站倡议（OOI）是一个由国家科学基金会资助的科学驱动的传感器系统网络基础设施，用于测量海洋和海底的物理，化学，地质和生物变量。有关OOI的更多信息，请访问网站：www.oceanobservatories.org

项目成果

Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Physical and Biological Properties along the Endurance Array of the California Current Ecosystem

加州海流生态系统耐力阵列物理和生物特性的时空动态

• DOI: 10.5670/oceanog.2018.113
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Oceanography
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Henderikx Freitas, Fernanda;Saldías, Gonzalo;Goñi, Miguel;Shearman, R. Kipp;White, Angelicque
• 通讯作者: White, Angelicque