SGER: Rapid Response to California Wildfires: Effect of Fire on Delivery of Organic Carbon to the Fluvial System

SGER：对加州野火的快速响应：火灾对向河流系统输送有机碳的影响

• 批准号: 0903748
• 负责人: Miguel Goni
• 金额: $ 5.26万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-01-15 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0903748&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Rapid; Response; California; Wildfires

Fire causes drastic changes to organic carbon, converting organic materials to relatively inert fire-derived organic carbon, including charcoal. Additionally, fire can denude watersheds of vegetation and soil cover, which causes major increases in flooding and erosion. It has been estimated that 70% of the long-term sediment yield from rivers in chaparral systems may be a result of fire. Further, eroded soils and sediments are usually enriched in particles carrying organic carbon. Therefore, it is possible that 70% of the organic carbon delivered to the fluvial network of chaparral systems is a result of fire. The combination of these characteristics makes fire an important agent in delivering organic carbon to continental margin sediments, where it could reside as a long-term atmospheric CO2 sink. The Basin Complex and Indians fires in the Salinas River drainage basin of central California burned nearly 240,000 acres of chaparral, scrubland, forests, savanna, and grasslands. This project will address the role of fire in the delivery of organic carbon to rivers from these fire-prone environments. Combined with ongoing research in the Salinas River, Monterey Bay, and Pacific Ocean, this research will contribute to the understanding of fire's role in the delivery of organic carbon from its terrestrial source to its sink in the marine environment. This project will support one postdoctoral researcher and one undergraduate student. The postdoctoral researcher will gain valuable experience developing a research program, and teaching and mentoring undergraduate students, who will be involved in all aspects of the field and laboratory work.

火引起有机碳的剧烈变化，将有机材料转化为相对惰性的火衍生有机碳，包括木炭。 此外，火灾可能侵蚀流域的植被和土壤覆盖，导致洪水和侵蚀的严重增加。 据估计，查帕拉尔系统中河流长期沉积物的70%可能是火灾造成的。 此外，侵蚀的土壤和沉积物通常富含携带有机碳的颗粒。 因此，可能有70%的有机碳输送到河流网络的查帕拉尔系统是火灾的结果。 这些特点的结合使火成为向大陆边缘沉积物输送有机碳的重要媒介，它可以作为长期的大气CO2汇而存在。 位于加州中部萨利纳斯河流域的盆地综合体和印第安人大火烧毁了近24万英亩的查帕拉尔、灌木丛、森林、稀树草原和草地。 该项目将探讨火在将有机碳从这些易发生火灾的环境中输送到河流中的作用。 结合萨利纳斯河，蒙特雷湾和太平洋正在进行的研究，这项研究将有助于了解火在将有机碳从陆地源输送到海洋环境中的汇中的作用。 该项目将资助一名博士后研究人员和一名本科生。 博士后研究人员将获得宝贵的经验，制定研究计划，教学和指导本科生，谁将参与现场和实验室工作的各个方面。