Collaborative Research: SHINE: Data-constrained Simulations of Coronal Mass Ejection Initiation and Propagation

这个项目研究的是日冕物质抛射（cme），这是太阳猛烈的等离子体抛射，会导致太空天气。了解这些喷发是如何发生的，以及它们是如何向地球传播的，以便准确预测它们的行为，这一点至关重要。目前的太阳和空间天文台舰队提供了前所未有的表面磁场，极紫外线（EUV）和x射线日冕结构的时空覆盖。在本研究中，将从包含喷发边缘通量绳的活跃区域的磁场和等离子体的实际初始条件出发，对CME的产生和传播进行数据约束的模拟。这些模拟将为研究cme爆发和早期发展背后的过程提供一个独特的机会。项目的科学目标如下：1)建立受观测高度约束的日冕物质抛射起始模型，研究日冕物质抛射的早期发展阶段；2)基于通量绳特性和周围日冕场约束日冕抛射性质（动力学、形貌、激波和压缩区参数）；3)利用数据约束磁流体动力学（MHD）模拟再现观测到的日冕抛射三部分和两锋结构及其原位性质。观测到的喷发活动性区域的数据约束非线性无力场（NLFFF）模型将用作空间天气建模框架（SWMF）全球MHD代码的初始条件。活性区和通量绳等离子体的初始条件也将受到使用最新开发的分析技术的数据的限制。这些工具将用于传播更真实的日冕物质抛射到1AU。模拟日冕物质抛射的性质（方向、速度、加速度、形态和激波驱动能力）将与所有可用的观测数据（日冕极紫外和x射线、白光和原位数据）进行比较。

This project addresses coronal mass ejections (CMEs) which are violent expulsions of plasma from the Sun that contribute to space weather. It is vital to understand how these eruptions happen and how they propagate towards Earth in order to accurately predict their behavior. The current fleet of solar and space observatories provides unprecedented temporal and spatial coverage of the surface magnetic field, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray coronal structures. In this study, data-constrained simulations of CME initiation and propagation will be performed starting from realistic initial conditions for the magnetic field and plasma of an active region that contains a flux rope on the verge of eruption. These simulations will provide a unique opportunity to investigate the processes behind the eruption and early development of CMEs. The project has the following science objectives: 1) Develop models of CME initiation that are highly constrained by observations in order to study the early development phases of CMEs; 2) Constrain CME properties near the Sun (kinetics, morphology, shock and compression region parameters) based on the flux rope properties and the ambient coronal field, and 3) Reproduce the observed three-part and two-front structure of CMEs and their in situ properties using data-constrained magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. Data-constrained non-linear force-free field (NLFFF) models of observed erupting active regions will be used as initial conditions to the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) global MHD code. The initial conditions on the active region and flux rope plasma will also be constrained by data using recently developed analysis techniques. These tools will be used to propagate more realistic CMEs to 1AU. The properties of the simulated CMEs (direction, velocity, acceleration, morphology, and shock-driving capability) will be compared with all available observations (coronal EUV and X-ray, white-light and in situ data).