A Geomorphic and Ecological Analysis of Using Mosses for Controlling Stream Bank Erosion

利用苔藓控制河岸侵蚀的地貌与生态分析

• 批准号: 1461773
• 负责人: Ranbir Kang
• 金额: $ 31.25万
• 依托单位: Western Illinois University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2020-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1461773&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geomorphic; Ecological; Analysis; Using; Mosses

This research project will examine the degree to which mosses may serve as an alternative for stream bank stabilization in environments where there has been limited success by other riparian vegetation. Stream bank erosion often results in the loss of valuable land resources and a degradation of environmental quality because stream sediment and nutrient loads increase while water quality gets reduced. Stream bank erosion also affects infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and buildings, by impacting their very foundations. Riparian vegetation plays both hydrological and mechanical functions on stream banks by increasing the tensile strength of soils and intercepting surface runoff and precipitation to potentially reduce bank failure. Perennial herbs and woody plants, including shrubs, are the two major vegetation types that traditionally have been used to help control stream bank erosion, because their deep root systems promote bank stability and reduce the rates of bank erosion. This project will evaluate the ecological condition of mosses and their effects on soil characteristics and bank erosion in different experimental settings. Project findings will provide new perspectives regarding how the presence or absence of moss carpets affects soil pressure and consequently the rates of bank erosion. The project will contribute new understanding about integrated relationships among fluvial geomorphology, riparian vegetation, ecosystem restoration, and biogeomorphology. Project results will provide information and insights that will assist decision makers, governmental agencies, and resource managers in adopting effective and sustainable approaches to stream bank stabilization. They also will be useful to those engaged in restoration activities by providing perspectives about alternative approaches to stabilize stream banks.The investigators will focus on analysis of the effectiveness of mosses for stream bank stabilization through a comparative analysis for study areas in the Chesapeake Bay and Upper Mississippi River watersheds. They will analyze biogeomorphic relationships and feedbacks between mosses and stream banks through a series of in situ and laboratory experiments over a three-year time frame. The experiments will survey multiple sites using terrestrial LiDAR, traditional geomorphic methods, and bioecological techniques. Geospatial data for the study areas, including digital elevation models (DEMs), satellite imagery, stream network, and land cover, will be integrated with information from field surveys for a detailed biogeomorphic analysis. Project findings will provide new perspectives about stream bank stabilization projects and the understanding of relationships between riparian vegetation and fluvial geomorphology for similar environmental conditions.

这项研究项目将探讨苔藓在何种程度上可以作为一种替代的河岸稳定的环境中，有有限的成功，其他河岸植被。 河岸侵蚀往往导致宝贵的土地资源的损失和环境质量的恶化，因为河流泥沙和营养物质负荷增加，而水质下降。 河岸侵蚀也会影响基础设施，如道路、桥梁和建筑物，影响它们的基础。 河岸植被通过增加土壤的抗拉强度和拦截地表径流和降水来潜在地减少河岸的破坏，从而在河岸上发挥水文和机械功能。 多年生草本植物和木本植物，包括灌木，是传统上用于帮助控制河岸侵蚀的两种主要植被类型，因为它们的深层根系促进河岸稳定并降低河岸侵蚀率。 本项目将评估苔藓的生态状况及其对不同实验环境中土壤特性和河岸侵蚀的影响。 项目的研究结果将提供新的观点，关于苔藓地毯的存在或不存在如何影响土壤压力，从而银行侵蚀率。 该项目将有助于对河流地貌、河岸植被、生态系统恢复和植被地貌之间的综合关系有新的认识。 项目成果将提供信息和见解，帮助决策者、政府机构和资源管理者采取有效和可持续的方法来稳定河岸。 他们也将是有益的，那些从事恢复活动，提供替代方法来稳定溪banes.The调查人员将重点放在通过比较分析研究领域的切萨皮克湾和上密西西比河流域苔藓稳定溪岸的有效性分析。 他们将通过一系列为期三年的原位和实验室实验，分析苔藓和河岸之间的生态关系和反馈。 实验将使用陆地激光雷达、传统地貌方法和生物生态技术调查多个地点。 研究区域的地理空间数据，包括数字高程模型（DEM），卫星图像，河流网络和土地覆盖，将与实地调查的信息相结合，进行详细的地貌分析。 项目研究结果将提供有关河岸稳定项目的新视角，并了解类似环境条件下河岸植被与河流地貌之间的关系。