Discovery of Nanoscale Folding Properties of Atomically-Layered Materials by Atomic Lattice Interferometry and Simulation

通过原子晶格干涉测量和模拟发现原子层材料的纳米级折叠特性

• 批准号: 1462785
• 负责人: Kyung-Suk Kim
• 金额: $ 38万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1462785&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Discovery; Nanoscale; Folding; Properties; Atomically

This award supports fundamental research on the mechanics of atomically-layered materials. When one folds atomically-layered materials, only a few atoms thick, unprecedented nanoscale material properties can manifest. For example, the lateral compression of graphene, a multi-layered material of carbon atoms, leads to patterns of sharp ridges. Along the ridges of these atomic-scale crinkles a strip with the width of a few atoms is electrically charged. The strip of charges attracts oppositely charged molecules. The controlled deformation of such a graphene crinkle network potentially regulates adsorption of biomolecules and, consequently, the adhesion of biological cells to solid surfaces in real time. The research results would enable various applications for atomic-scale materials engineering in nanotechnology, and molecular engineering in biomedical technology. This includes but is not limited to bio-adhesion control for cancer treatment and molecular manipulation techniques for genetic engineering. Further, the results would have impact on nano- and micro- metrology, and environmental filter and sensor technology. The scientific tool, the atomic lattice interferometer, will enable observation of the behavior of advanced nanostructures, not only for scientific research, but also for education in both life and physical science and technology. An outreach program will be developed in the Institute of Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation at Brown University. This program will educate students from underrespresented groups in STEM through summer internship programs, introduce them to real world problems with an industrial seed project. The PI will develop new course materials on the mechanics of folding.Continuum/ab-initio and experimental hybrid analyses of atomic-layer crinkle structures and associated flexoelectric characteristics in graphene or graphene-analogous materials will provide a fundamental understanding of the mechanical behavior, as well as of the electronic states of a deformation jump like a crinkle ridge. The PI's laboratory experimentally observed such crinkle networks for the first time by using a newly invented atomic lattice interferometer. This novel interferometer opens up unique experimental capabilities of measuring atomic-scale surface deformations over a wide field of view. The resultant understanding of the electro-mechanical behavior will establish a systematic framework for regulating molecular adsorption and cellular adhesion for biomechanics research. In addition, many important multi-scale modeling and experimental capabilities, such as high performance computing and testing of atomic-scale structures, will be advanced. Furthermore, mathematically difficult and historically unsolved bifurcation problems of ruga (wrinkle, crease, fold, ridge and crinkle) mechanics will be unraveled.

该奖项支持对原子层状材料力学的基础研究。当一个人折叠原子层状材料时，只有几个原子厚，前所未有的纳米级材料特性就会显现出来。例如，石墨烯（一种多层碳原子材料）的横向压缩会产生尖锐的脊状图案。沿着这些原子尺度的褶皱脊，有一条几个原子宽度的条带带着电。带电荷的条带吸引带相反电荷的分子。这种石墨烯褶皱网络的可控变形可能会调节生物分子的吸附，从而实时调节生物细胞与固体表面的粘附。该研究成果将为纳米技术中的原子尺度材料工程和生物医学技术中的分子工程提供各种应用。这包括但不限于用于癌症治疗的生物粘附控制和用于基因工程的分子操作技术。此外，研究结果将对纳米和微计量、环境过滤和传感器技术产生影响。原子晶格干涉仪这一科学工具，不仅可以用于科学研究，还可以用于生命科学和物理科学与技术的教育，使人们能够观察先进纳米结构的行为。布朗大学分子和纳米级创新研究所将开展一项外展计划。该项目将通过暑期实习项目来教育STEM中代表性不足的群体的学生，并通过工业种子项目向他们介绍现实世界中的问题。PI将开发关于折叠力学的新课程材料。石墨烯或类似石墨烯材料中原子层褶皱结构和相关挠曲电特性的连续体/ab-initio和实验混合分析将提供对机械行为的基本理解，以及像褶皱脊一样变形跳跃的电子状态。PI的实验室使用新发明的原子晶格干涉仪首次在实验中观察到这种褶皱网络。这种新型干涉仪开辟了独特的实验能力，可以在宽视场范围内测量原子尺度的表面变形。由此产生的对电-机械行为的理解将为生物力学研究建立调控分子吸附和细胞粘附的系统框架。此外，许多重要的多尺度建模和实验能力，如高性能计算和原子尺度结构的测试，将被推进。此外，数学上困难和历史上未解决的ruga（皱，折痕，折叠，脊和皱）力学的分岔问题将被解开。