Collaborative Research: I/UCRC Phase II: Center for Resource Recovery & Recycling

材料资源的回收和循环利用是21世纪可持续发展的迫切需要。材料是不可再生的，但它们对每个行业和产品领域都有重大影响，对国家和全球经济都很重要。从事资源回收和循环利用以及为其提供设备和技术的行业包括各种各样的公司，其中很大一部分是中小型企业。从事资源回收和循环利用的此类企业超过5.6万家，生产商品2360亿美元，在初级和下游产业就业121万人。资源回收和再循环中心（CR3）的目的是通过在资源回收和再循环价值链中的跨部门参与来抓住这些机会。资源回收和再循环技术广泛应用于所有材料制造，包括金属、塑料、纸张、电子、玻璃、有机、聚合物和化学品等。在资源回收和循环利用领域存在许多关键的行业挑战。具体:*原料短缺和材料资源成本增加*工业过程和报废产品产生的废物数量增加*需要资源回收、再利用和关键材料再循环的解决方案*需要能源有利、环境相容和经济上可行的工业过程在传感器、计算建模、仿真和可视化等领域的新技术日益迅速发展，大数据和分析、先进材料、自动化和机器人技术提供了潜在的重大影响，可以极大地扩展能力，提高材料资源回收和再循环的效率，除了开发分选、选矿、浓缩以及价值提取的物理和化学过程外，还可以使相关行业受益。构成资源和回收区的工业往往根据其进行的材料回收和再循环的类型进行分类，并且主要是中小型企业。因此，他们不仅经常缺乏资源来进行所需的研发，而且那些可用的先进制造技术也没有在工业中实施的自然途径。CR3汇集了资源回收和再循环领域的主要部门，以开发向工业转让综合技术的途径。CR3的主要重点是钢铁，有色金属结构金属，轻金属，稀土和光伏金属，高价值耐火金属和电子材料等关键部门，其中技术发展将解决产品制造废物，消费后废物，仪器，传感器和控制，拆卸设计和垃圾转化为宝藏。

Materials resource recovery and recycling is a critical need for sustainable development in the 21st Century. Materials are not renewable and yet they have major impacts in every industry and product area important to the national and global economy. The industries that carry out resource recovery and recycling as well as supply equipment and technologies for it comprise a broad range of companies, a large fraction of which are small and medium enterprises. Over 56,000 such companies, engaged in some aspect of resource recovery and recycling, produce $236 billion in goods, and employ 1.21 million in primary and downstream industries. It is the purpose of the Center for Resource Recovery and Recycling (CR3) to address these opportunities through cross-sector engagement in the resource recovery and recycling value chain. Resource recovery and recycling technologies have widespread applications impacting all materials manufacturing, including, metals, plastics, paper, electronics, glass, organics, polymers & chemicals, etc. There are a number of key industry challenges in the area of resource recovery and recycling. Specifically: * Scarcity of feed stock materials and increasing cost of material resources* Increasing amounts of waste from industrial processes as well as end-of-life products* Need for solutions for resource recovery, reuse, and recycling of critical materials* Need for energetically favorable, environmentally compatible and economically viable industrial processesThe increasingly rapid development of new technologies in areas such as sensors, computational modeling, simulation and visualization, big data and analytics, advanced materials, automation, and robotics offers potentially significant impacts that could greatly expand the capabilities as well as increase the efficiency of materials resource recovery and recycling and benefit the industries involved in addition to development of physical and chemical processes for sortation, beneficiation and concentration as well as value-extraction. The industries comprising the resource and recovery area tend to be disaggregated based on the type of materials recovery and recycling they carry out, and are predominantly small and medium enterprises. Therefore they not only often lack the resources to carry out the needed R&D but also those advanced manufacturing technologies that are available do not have a natural route to implementation in industry. CR3 brings together key constituencies in the resource recovery and recycling area to develop comprehensive technology transfer pathways to industry. The primary focus of CR3 is on key sectors of iron and steel, non-ferrous structural metals, light metals, rare-earths and photovoltaic metals, high-value refractory metals and electronic materials where technology development will address the product manufacturing wastes, post-consumer wastes, instrumentation, sensors and controls, design for disassembly and conversion of trash to treasure.