P2C2: Collaborative Research:Spatiotemporal Variability of Northwestern North American Temperatures in Response to Climatic Forcing

P2C2：合作研究：北美西北部气温对气候强迫的时空变化

• 批准号: 1502150
• 负责人: Rosanne D'Arrigo
• 金额: $ 45.47万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; Collaborative; Research; Spatiotemporal; Variability

Generally, this award aims to apply a novel analytical technique to a millennial-scale tree-ring data from existing and newly-obtained sample archives to yield reconstructions of past temperature variability closely linked to dominant modes of climatic forcing, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The researchers are targeting three climatically-sensitive regions where tree-ring width (RW) records of this length are available in existing sample archives from the Gulf of Alaska in southern Alaska, Sukakpak in northern Alaska, and northwestern Canada (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta). The resulting climate reconstructions will be compared with climate model outputs to examine spatiotemporal patterns in response to climate forcing (particularly volcanoes), identify uncertainties, and test hypotheses regarding internal and forced modes of variability.This award will generate a suite of novel, maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies for these sites using the Blue Intensity (BI) parameter, which is substantially less costly and labor intensive yet retains the accuracy and resolution of traditional MXD techniques. There are few sub-millennial to millennial scale MXD-based chronologies currently existing for this vast region. The researchers argue that the resulting BI chronologies, based on living and subfossil wood material, will yield robust records of past climatic extremes, trends and shifts in past temperature, spatiotemporal expressions of internal Pacific variability, as well as details regarding the external climate forcing over northwestern North America for the past millennium. The research project has broad impact in four key aspects, namely:First, this project will synthesize a network of climatically-sensitive tree-ring records from across northwestern North America to yield high-resolution, strongly calibrated reconstructions on past climate variability from intra-seasonal to Decadal to Centennial time scales. These dendroclimatic reconstructions will mainly be developed using existing data that will be processed to extract new information using the new BI technique, along with the development of field temperature reconstructions. Tree-ring data will be compared to model output and other proxy records and made available to the modeling community. This research will help advance a broader understanding of the long-term variability of climate over the past millennium for one of the most rapidly changing regions of the globe.Second, scientific results from the project will be archived and provided to the scientific community through the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) and International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB). Third, as appropriate, the researchers will engage with native groups in Alaska. In the past, the PIs have interacted extensively with northern communities by involving native peoples in research and plan to continue to do so for this project. The potential research outcomes could have relevance to native populations and the data and interpretations will be available to relevant communities (community groups, e.g. Arctic Borderlands Ecological Knowledge Cooperative, http://www.taiga.net/coop/index.html).Fourth, the project will support undergraduate and graduate students as part of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program and the student program at The College of Wooster. The support of undergraduate students would allow for an early experience in research.

一般来说，该奖项旨在将一种新的分析技术应用于来自现有和新获得的样本档案的千年尺度树木年轮数据，以重建与气候强迫的主要模式（如太平洋年代际振荡（PDO））密切相关的过去温度变化。研究人员的目标是三个气候敏感地区，这些地区的树木年轮宽度（RW）记录可以从阿拉斯加南部的阿拉斯加湾、阿拉斯加北部的苏卡帕克和加拿大西北部（育空、不列颠哥伦比亚省、阿尔伯塔省）的现有样本档案中获得。由此产生的气候重建将与气候模式输出进行比较，以检查响应气候强迫（特别是火山）的时空格局，确定不确定性，并检验关于内部和强迫变率模式的假设。该合同将使用蓝色强度（BI）参数为这些地点生成一套新颖的最大迟木密度（MXD）年表，这大大降低了成本和劳动强度，同时保留了传统MXD技术的准确性和分辨率。目前这一广阔地区的亚千禧年至千禧年尺度的基于mxd的年表很少。研究人员认为，基于活的和亚化石木材材料的BI年表将产生关于过去极端气候、过去温度的趋势和变化、太平洋内部变率的时空表达以及关于过去一千年北美西北部外部气候强迫的细节的可靠记录。该研究项目在四个关键方面具有广泛的影响，即：首先，该项目将综合北美西北部气候敏感的树木年轮记录网络，以获得从季节内到十年至百年时间尺度的高分辨率，强校准的过去气候变化重建。这些树木气候重建将主要利用现有数据进行开发，这些数据将被处理，并使用新的BI技术提取新的信息，同时还将开发现场温度重建。树轮数据将与模型输出和其他代理记录进行比较，并提供给建模社区。这项研究将有助于更广泛地了解过去一千年来全球变化最迅速的地区之一的长期气候变化。其次，该项目的科学成果将通过国家地球物理数据中心（NGDC）和国际树木年轮数据库（ITRDB）存档并提供给科学界。第三，在适当的情况下，研究人员将与阿拉斯加的土著群体接触。过去，pi通过让土著人民参与研究，与北方社区进行了广泛的互动，并计划在本项目中继续这样做。潜在的研究成果可能与当地人口有关，数据和解释将提供给相关社区（社区团体，例如北极边疆生态知识合作社，http://www.taiga.net/coop/index.html）.Fourth)，该项目将作为伍兹霍尔海洋研究所本科生研究经验（REU）计划和伍斯特学院学生计划的一部分，为本科生和研究生提供支持。本科生的支持可以让我有早期的研究经验。